tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-77915968176255970572024-03-05T16:41:45.374-08:00~ The Versatility ~Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-9864949922706193342019-08-30T21:21:00.002-07:002019-08-30T21:24:12.277-07:00සීක්රට් බීච් - මිරිස්ස<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #191e23; font-family: "noto serif"; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="font-size: large;">ගිය පෙබරවාරි අන්තිම අපේ ඉස්කෝලෙ යාළුවෙක් කසාද බැන්ඳා. වෙඩිම තිබ්බෙ වැලිගම මැරියට් හෝටලේ, ඒක ඉවර වෙලා පොඩි රෝන්දෙකටත් එක්ක ඊට අල්ලපු ගමේ, මිරිස්සේ, සීක්රට් බීච් එක හොයන් යන්න මායි, දුලිතුයි කල්පනා කලා. ටිකක් හොයන් යන්නෝන, මං ලොකේෂන් එක මේකෙ දාන්නම්, රූමස්සල ජංජල් බීච් වගේ තමා ටිකක්. වැඩි කාලයක් යන්න කලින් ඒ ලෙවල් එකට ඒවී. ඒ කිව්වේ සෙනඟ පිරේවි.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="color: #191e23; font-family: "noto" serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://sinhala.stolenlantern.com/2019/08/31/%e0%b7%83%e0%b7%93%e0%b6%9a%e0%b7%8a%e2%80%8d%e0%b6%bb%e0%b6%a7%e0%b7%8a-%e0%b6%b6%e0%b7%93%e0%b6%a0%e0%b7%8a/" target="_blank">ඉතිරිය කියවන්න >>></a></span></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="color: #191e23; font-family: "noto" serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></span>Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-31987642192610313842019-08-23T21:13:00.000-07:002019-08-23T21:15:12.322-07:00දිය ඇළි 7ක් උඩින්<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: large;">අර ෆේස්බුක් එකේ ශාමිනී සේරසිංහ ඇන්ටි මට මේ දවස් වල විවේකයක් අරන් දීලා තියෙන නිසා...........😂, අතපසු උන පරණ කතා ටික ලියන්නත්, සිංහල ලිපි ටික එක තැනකට ගන්නත් මට දැන් නොසෑ.........හෙන්න වෙලාවක් ලැබිලා තියෙනවා 😅. මේක අවුරුදු 3ක් විතර පරණ ගමනක් ඒත් ඒ විස්තර මට සිංහලෙන් ලියාගන්න වෙලාවක් තිබුණෙ නෑ.</span><br />
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<b><span style="color: blue; font-size: x-large;"><a href="https://sinhala.stolenlantern.com/2019/08/24/7-falls-zipline/" target="_blank">සම්පූර්ණ ලිපියට>>></a></span></b><br />
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<b><br /></b>Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-20165470463273971832019-08-19T22:01:00.000-07:002019-08-19T22:02:03.072-07:00යකාගේ තටාකය<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: large; text-align: justify;">පහුගිය ඔක්තෝබරයේ මට Africa රටවල් දෙකක සංචාරය කරන්න ලැබුනා. එකක් සැම්බියාව. අනික කෙන්යාව. සැම්බියාවට යන්න හේතුව උනේ මීට අවුරුදු කීපයකට කලින් මම යූටියුබ් වීඩියෝ එකක වික්ටෝරියා දිය ඇල්ල(Victoria Falls) අග මිනිස්සු පීනන වීඩියෝ එකක් දැක්කා, ඉතින් මටත් හිතුනා ගිහින් බලන්න. වික්ටෝරියා දිය ඇල්ල තමා ලෝකෙ ලොකුම දිය ඇල්ල. තව ලෝකෙ ස්වභාවික ලෝක පුදුම හතෙනුත් එකක් වෙනවා. සැම්බේසි(Zambezi river) ගඟ ලොකු පැලුමකින් වැටිලා තමා මේ දිය ඇල්ල හැදෙන්නේ. මේක මුලින්ම හොයාගත්තා කියන්නේ ඩේවිඩ් ලිවින්ග්ස්ටෝන් (David Livingstone) කියන ස්කොට් ජාතිකයා. එයා මේක වික්ටෝරියා රැජිණ නමින් නම් කරනව. ඒත් ස්වදේශික ජනතාව කියන්නේ "Mosi-oa-Tunya" එහෙම නැත්නම් 'ගිගුරුම් දෙන දුමාරය' (The Smoke That Thunders) කියල. මේ දිය ඇල්ල, එහෙමත් නැත්නම් පැලුම තමා සැම්බියාවයි සිම්බාබ්වේ දේශයයි වෙන් කරන්නේ. මම වාඩි වෙලා ඉන්න තැනට එහා පැත්තෙ පේන්නෙ සිම්බාබ්වේ දේශය. මේ Devil's Pool එහෙම නැත්නම් 'යකාගේ තටාකය' කියන එක ගඟේ මේ කොටස අයිති හෝටලෙන් තමා කරන්නේ. මේක කරන්න පුලුවන් අවුරුද්දේ එක කාලෙකදි විතරයි. අගෝස්තු අග ඉඳන් ජනවාරි මුල වගේ වෙනකන් පුලුවන් වතුර අඩු කාලේ මේක කරන්න.</span><br />
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<span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://sinhala.stolenlantern.com/2019/08/20/%e0%b6%ba%e0%b6%9a%e0%b7%8f%e0%b6%9c%e0%b7%9a-%e0%b6%ad%e0%b6%a7%e0%b7%8f%e0%b6%9a%e0%b6%ba/" target="_blank">මේ ගැන තවත් තොරතුරු කියවන්න>>></a></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large; text-align: justify;"><br /></span>Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-35880200586714556612019-08-17T20:45:00.001-07:002019-08-17T20:46:34.233-07:00Trekking Batad Rice Terraces and Tappiya Falls<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3UxhWfX2aqf5Xi2ifMGzb4c3FkmniFOka77A3SMzLKMirmnPwk8WWfRSmwOq4-3QNCWXI2tGZswtVXhoyS8ibPIhq9DnGi3rbR2imvsFpsf-CCLY6WdhuQlUxSpEE1Ccu0n483ro1mRo/s1600/Yotube+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="848" data-original-width="1288" height="261" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3UxhWfX2aqf5Xi2ifMGzb4c3FkmniFOka77A3SMzLKMirmnPwk8WWfRSmwOq4-3QNCWXI2tGZswtVXhoyS8ibPIhq9DnGi3rbR2imvsFpsf-CCLY6WdhuQlUxSpEE1Ccu0n483ro1mRo/s400/Yotube+cover.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Batad is one of the 5 UNESCO world heritage sites in Banaue, Ifugao province, Philippines. The Ifugao Rice Terraces illustrate the remarkable ability of human culture to adapt to new social and climate pressures as well as to implement and develop new ideas and technologies. Although listed by the UNESCO as a World Heritage site believed to be older than 2,000 years. Ifugaoes used to be head hunters. And this is the same tribe that carved out terraces on the sides of mountains 2000 years ago, just mind-boggling.</span></div>
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<span style="color: blue; font-size: large;"><a href="https://stolenlantern.com/trekking-batad-rice-terraces-and-tappiya-falls/" target="_blank">READ MORE>>></a></span></div>
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Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-33199751156179414552018-10-08T07:41:00.000-07:002018-10-08T07:41:31.149-07:00Devil's Pool - Victoria Falls - Zambia<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: large;">The main reason why I went Africa was this Devil's Pool tour in Victoria Falls, Livingstone, Zambia. I saw it on YouTube like 3 or 4 years ago and ever since that I was planning to visit it.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">What got it late my visit to Africa was the bribery cases in Africa. I've heard the stories like a policeman randomly check your passport and don’t give it back without you giving him some money. I was not brought up that way by my parents so by all means bribing someone is something I don’t like. I was collecting information about this issue for years like how to get rid of such situations in Africa solely because of visiting Victoria falls. Anyway, there was this point came where I need to visit Africa negating these bribery cases. So I went Africa. I was in 2 African countries within 1 week, I did NOT encounter a single situation such that. I'm glad I made this tour.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Victoria Falls is the world's largest waterfall. Victoria Falls is one of the 7 natural wonders of the world. It is around 2 times wider then the Horseshoe Falls and 3 times higher than the Niagara. This was first discovered by David Livingstone. He was a Scottish citizen and He name the waterfall after The Queen Victoria. Locals in Zambia call it "Mosi-oa-Tunya" which means 'The Smoke That Thunders'. And Victoria falls separates Zambia and Zimbabwe. The waterfall is in Zambia and the other side is Zimbabwe. Zambezi is the name of the river which creates this marvelous natural wonder. Devil's pool is only accessible from Zambian side, so you need Zambian Visa if you're coming from Zimbabwe side. There's special visa call 'Kaza visa' for tourists who visit both Zambia and Zimbabwe. Visa fee is $50 and they add up a service charge too.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Devil's pool tour is operated by the Hotel(Tongabezi Lodge) who owns that part of the river. And I must say it is well organized, properly managed and conducted under careful eyes of guides. So far no casualty has been recorded attempting to dip in the Devil's Pool. This is only possible during low water seasons, mid August to mid January. You can see the available time stots from this site and book the tour using the same site. This is the site allocated for information related with Devil's pool <a href="http://www.devilspool.net/">http://www.devilspool.net</a>/. This is Tongabezi main site <a href="https://tongabezi.com/">https://tongabezi.com/</a>. But when I was trying to book via online, the devilspool.net site had some issues. So what I did was, I asked my accommodation people to book a slot for me. When I came to my accommodation they gave me a receipt and I paid the amount at the Tongabezi hotel.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">You need to get to the Tongabezi hotel to start the tour. Taxis are available and that's how you can get to the hotel. On the way you can discuss with the driver about the pickup time and ask him to come back and pick you up. Since it's a luxury hotel and if you get a hotel cab it would be too expensive. Devil's pool tour Guides pick you up at the hotel's deck. And then you've 5 minutes boat ride towards the edge of the waterfall. You stop your boat at the Livingstone island and then it's a 5 min walk and 5 min swim to the Devil's pool.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Devil's pool was first discovered by the local fishermen. They were used to catch fish here and later tourists came and took photos and then the word went out. They carry 5 tours per day. I specifically went for the morning tour as I learned on internet during morning sessions there could be a chance that I would see a rainbow. And I wasn't disappointed. The tour is like 1 1/2 hours. After that you can enjoy a lovely breakfast.(Or lunch or evening tea depending on the time you select the tour)</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">I faced no issues related with Zambia except for their eVisa. I applied using their official website <a href="https://evisa.zambiaimmigration.gov.zm/">https://evisa.zambiaimmigration.gov.zm</a>. I had a nightmarish time close to a period of month trying to get the Visa. I wrote to their immigration, I wrote to their other embassies, I called their consulate here in Sri Lanka dozens of times, I applied again for visa through an agent but nothing worked. 2 days prior to my departure, I still did not get visa, I was at my flight booking agents to change the flight tickets. I was like just about to confirm the new flights, I just checked my phone email inbox and saw a new email notification. That was Zambian visa. Fairy tale end. Getting Zambian Visa was mentally torturous but still worth it comparing the experience. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Zambian immigration responded me on my last day in Africa. I was in Kenya at that moment. They were very slow to respond. What worked for me was, Like 6 days prior to my departure, I was desperate, I humbly asked my Zambian accommodation people whether they can give a call to Zambian immigration and check the status of my application. They went a further step ahead, they contacted someone at their tourism board and he/she contacted Zambian immigration. He/She was the influence who got me visa as I believe. Pure luck! </span><span style="font-size: large;">My accommodation was Fawlty Towers Backpackers and unless for them I would not have made it. It was a good joint in the town to spend some quality relaxed time. From Fawlty Towers Backpackers to Tongabazi hotel taxi fee is 60 Kawacha(Like 5 or 6 dollars). But make sure you negotiate with your driver before you get in the car. And cars are available right in front of Fawlty Towers Backpackers.</span></div>
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<br />Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-81247345371785437612018-04-20T20:55:00.000-07:002018-04-24T19:51:38.409-07:00Malacca (Melaka) Malaysia<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Malacca (Or Melaka) is the
historic city of Malaysia. This historical city has been listed as a UNESCO
World Heritage Site since 7 July 2008. Malacca was a fishing village first,
like in 1300. Then Malay sultanates controlled it till the Portuguese conquered
it in 1511. Malacca was important to them as it was accessible in all seasons
and on the strategically located narrowest point of the Malacca Straits. In
1641, the Dutch defeated the Portuguese in an effort to capture Malacca. Malacca
was ceded to the British in the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 in exchange for
Bencoolen on Sumatra. From 1826 to 1946, Malacca was under the rule of the
British. Malacca went briefly under the rule of Empire of Japan in 1942–1945
during World War II. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Since Malacca straights plays a
vital role in sea trade, and Old city of Malacca situated at the narrowest part
of the straights, You can probably understand the amount of sailors from
different parts of the world hovering around the old city back then.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">How to get to Malacca<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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I travelled from KL, by Bus,
which was the easiest. You can book buses online. There are several bus
services operating to Malacca(Or Melaka Sentral Terminal). I took KKKL bus
liner to go Malacca(RM 14.50) and Transnational service to get out of
Malacca.(To KLIA2 RM 24.50). out of the 2 bus services I used, I could safely
say KKKL is much better, more leg space and comfortable.<o:p></o:p></div>
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I booked my tickets from here: <a href="http://www.busonlineticket.com/bus-from-kl-to-melaka">http://www.busonlineticket.com/bus-from-kl-to-melaka</a><o:p></o:p></div>
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Journey is like 2.5 hours. In
fact you cover 95% of your journey in 2 hours on highway and rest 30 mins
traveling main streets of Melacca facing obvious traffic. Traffic is much less
though.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Once you get to Melaka Sentral
Terminal, You can book a Grab to reach your hotel.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Booking a hotel<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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I used Agoda. <b><u>2 most important
things</u>.</b><o:p></o:p></div>
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accommodation anywhere within 10 min reach from Jonker street<o:p></o:p></div>
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market operates on Friday, Saturday and Sunday<o:p></o:p></div>
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All most all the Historical sites
are within the reach from Jonker street. So you can cover all that by walking.
Or else you can rent a fancy trishaw, which I haven’t tried.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Another accommodation booking tip
is, try to go for an A/C room if possible. Heat is unbearable sometimes.
Especially if you’re an European.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Getting out<o:p></o:p></div>
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Same way, by bus is the easiest
and cheapest. There are buses operating to KLIA and KLIA2 as well. My ticket to
KLIA2 was RM24.50 and it was a 2 hours journey.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<o:p> </o:p><b style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: large;">St. Paul’s Church</span></b></div>
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The ruins of St. Paul’s Church
are at the summit of St. Paul's Hill. It has been in ruins for more than 150
years. To this little mountain top, you can clearly see the Malacca straights. <o:p></o:p></div>
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St. Paul’s Church was enlarged to
two stories in 1556 (after the Archbishop of Goa in India handed over the
church to the Jesuits in 1548); between 1567 and 1596 the Portuguese added gun
turrets to the chapel and it became a fortress. In 1590 a belfry tower was
added to the front of the church and it was renamed the Igreja de Madre de Deus
(Church of the Mother of God). When the Dutch invaded Malacca in 1641 it was
badly damaged (the belfry tower was destroyed) but the complex was later
repaired and renamed St. Paul’s Church, it was primarily used as a Protestant
church for about 112 years until Christ Church was completed in 1753. After
that, St. Paul’s Church fell into disuse. Under the British administration, a
lighthouse was built and it eventually ended up as a storehouse for gunpowder.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>A’famosa Fort<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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A’Famosa was built in 1511, the
settlement used to sprawl across a whole hillside but now only a lone gate
(Porta de Santiago) remains. One of the oldest surviving European architectural
remains in Asia. Originally constructed by Alfonso de Albuquerque (who led the
Portuguese invasion on the Malacca Sultanate), the remains of the fort is now a
crumbling whitewashed gatehouse and is located downhill from St. Paul’s Church<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Jonker Walk/ Jonker street<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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Probably the most remarkable
place to visit in Malacca. The road starts from across Melaka River near the
Stadthuys. The road is filled with historical houses along its left and right
sides dating back to 17th century. It also has shops selling antiques,
textiles, foods, handicrafts and souvenirs.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b>Flor do Mar dutch ship<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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Not the original ship, but a
replica of the original ship. This is a Naval Museum in Malacca now. For a
foreigner entrance fee is RM 10. It absolutely worth to pay the price and see
the museum. I never thought I’d get inside a Dutch ship one day. Probably the
part I enjoyed most in my time in Malacca.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Queen Victoria’s Fountain<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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The Queen Victoria Fountain was
built in 1901 by the British. This fountain is still functioning well and is
probably the only functioning colonial water fountains in Malaysia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The fountain is a famous backdrop for
visitors who come to Malacca. On the tip of the fountain says 'Victoria Regina
1837-1901, erected by the people of Malacca in memory of a great Queen.<o:p></o:p></div>
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The Queen Victoria Fountain is
probably one of the last traces of the British colonial era in Malaysia and it
symbolizes the glorious days of the British colonization in Malaysia.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--EndFragment--><br />Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-75805662130963228412017-01-21T05:06:00.000-08:002017-01-21T05:06:56.087-08:007 Falls Zipline - Philippines<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
Link to zipline video: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rvPptZBz1aA">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rvPptZBz1aA</a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">First time I saw this zipline video on a Youtube video and ever since I wanted to do
this. And my main purpose of visiting Philippines was the Zipline. If you’re planning this trip, this is how I planned it. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">You’ll have to get a flight to General Santos airport. Air fare is not that costly. Internally I took 4 flights in Philippines with Cebu pacific airline. Nothing to complain with the service.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Once
you arrive at GenSan airport there will be people holding boards for taxi. You
can go to one of them and ask to drop you at General Santos City bus terminal.
The people who are holding boards have 100 pesos as the fare, but the driver
took 300 pesos from me. He said it’s a fixed price, and to be fair it’s like a
20km, 30 minutes, ride.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">At General Santos city bus terminal(Or GenSan City bus
terminal or Bulaong terminal) take the bus(Yellow bus) to Koronadal( Or
Marbel). It’s displayed in the bus windscreen and it shows how many stops (1
stop, 2 stops) as well. Take the direct bus to Marbel. Bus fare is 85 pesos. It
took like 1 hour to Marbel bus terminal.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">From there you have 2 options.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Option 1</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Take another bus(Yellow bus) to Surrallah Integrated bus
terminal, and then take a van or Jeepany to Surrallah bus terminal(Or Lake
Sebu). Bus fare is around 30 pesos. Surrallah Integrated bus terminal to
Surrallah bus terminal(Lake Sebu) Habaal-habaal ride will be like 100 pesos.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Option 2</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Once you get off at Marbel terminal, take a van straightly
goes to Lake Sebu. Do don’t have to bother finding a van, there are people
shouting at you saying different destinations’ names and you just need to pick
the one who’s shouting “Lake Sebu sirrr, Lake Sebu maam”.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">I took the Option 2, as it was one less headache to bother.
Van fare is 80 pesos. On your way you’ll pass Surrallah Integrated bus
terminal. Then you’ll arrive at Surrallah bus terminal(Lake Sebu).</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Here something interesting happens. It’s good for the
tourists. At the Lake sebu bus terminal, they collect your information and they
give you a motor bike driver and whole throughout the tour he’ll be with you.
The drivers know each and everywhere and tours are listed and priced. For the 7
falls it’s like 40 pesos, half day 300 pesos and likewise. Those are very fair
prices. Other thing is, if something bad happens they would know how to trace
you, as they know with whom you went with. Get the mobile number of the driver
and whole your tour can be done with him. Once they get your details and they
will give you the driver, and he’ll take you to your hotel.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Why motor bike rider?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Roads in Lake Sebu are terrible as it can be. Not even bikes
can make it sometimes, a tractor would be the ideal. The motor bike drivers
know every place there. I stayed in Sun rise garden lake resort, just it is the
closest to the zip line and I thought I would make it alone. But I’d recommend Lake
Sebu Mountain Log Resort. They do email replying as well.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Simple fact I recommend Mountain Log Resort is, From my
GenSan airport to Lake Sebu ride wasn’t pleasing as much as I thought. I was
travelling solo, felt so isolated once I got there. All I wanted was getting
off from that place as soon as I could once I’m done with Zip line. So I asked
a cab from Sun rise garden lake resort people and they told me fare is 3500
pesos. Considering the mental stage I was in, I’d have agreed to 5000 even. But
the thing is, before my tour, during the days I booked my accommodation; I sent
few emails to several other places as well. Mountain Log Resort is such place
and they offered airport pickup for 2500 pesos. So the normal price should be
like that. Another thing to suspect the fare was, we normally pay the driver
after the tour. But next day morning when I went to the reception, they asked me
to pay it at the reception itself. I felt they cheated. So that’s why I don’t
recommending them.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">So, zip line. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">On weekdays Zip line fare is 250 pesos and weekends and
holidays its 300 pesos.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">There are 2 zip lines, 740m and 420m, for a one ticket you
can ride both the zip lines. And there are photo booths as well. For 200 pesos
you can get a softcopy of your both the zip lines’ rides. There are 2 more
photo packages as well.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Once you get to the other side of the zip line, there’s
another zip line to come back again. But bit lower to where you’ve originally
started. By the time you reach there, your motor bike driver will be there to
pick you. He’ll pick you from there and take you to your hotel or maybe other
places you want to visit in lake Sebu.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">I’m not sure I’d recommend this for a Solo traveler, but I
had no harm there, and definitely worth the amount I paid for the zip line
considering the adrenaline rush goes through your veins. </span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">I arrived at the Zip line starting point like 11 am, and I
saw the reception has “CLOSED” board. I was so daunted. But the motor bike
driver asked me to wait and brought the news they are having lunch and once
they finish they’ll open the counter. I was little surprised to hear 11am lunch
but it was just my 2<sup>nd</sup> day in Philippines so I thought these people
must be having early lunch. Later 3,4 days I figured the reason. There was a
small boutique there, and an old TV. Rather than having the lunch, most of them
were around the TV watching a boxing match, even my motor bike driver. That day
I thought as they don’t have anything to do till others finish their lunch so
they watch it, but after 3,4 days in Philippines I figured what a fad they have
for Mani Pacciquo. They worship him. That was a Mani Pacco’s match and all were
watching it. To worsen the things, Mani </span><span style="font-size: large;">Pacciqo’s </span><span style="font-size: large;">born city is GenSan. Then
same-city-fit as well. So I had to stay till 1.30pm till Mani Pacciqo finishes
his match. Anyway, I’m glad that ever after such long awaiting, I got to do the
zip line ride. Though it says 7 falls zip line, you can clearly see 2
waterfalls only. But there are 7 waterfalls. Ever since I mentioned to a
Filippino that I went GenSan, the reply comes as “ aaah Mani city,
you went Mani Pacciqo’s city”</span></div>
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Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-21670710752691592172017-01-21T04:40:00.000-08:002017-01-21T04:40:55.193-08:00How to visit Banaue - Philippines <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /><iframe width="320" height="266" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/5AWFkD2bjs8/0.jpg" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/5AWFkD2bjs8?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">There are 2 bus services that can take you to Banaue. Which is cheap, or else you can hire a private vehicle. Bus journey is like 10 hours. All the buses leave at night. 2 bus services go to Banaue. Florida and Ohayami. Florida is a the super luxury one which a toilet inside the bus. Ohayami is luxury but you don’t find a toilet there. You’ll get 2 breaks during the journey. As it’s night, you can have a good sleep. </span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">I booked these buses through <a href="http://www.pinoytravel.com.ph/">www.pinoytravel.com.ph</a> Absolutely a fantastic customer care which I’ve never experienced in my life so far. My email thread with them led like 20-25 email thread but they were really helpful with finding me the every bit of detail I wanted. So I highly recommend them. Bus fare for each bus service doesn’t exceed 600 pesos including Pinoy Travels commission. Compare to their email supporting service, that small commission of 50-60 pesos is worth paying.</span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"> I’ll direct you from Manila airport. You’ll have to get to Florida or Ohayami bus terminals. Both situated closer to each other.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOZrKX0oMNDZX2caKcadP7oRbM7fxX1fbn3ZToynyxg3xOKyvZC8bB6RDlHNpG_sX1X1t1nZQT9gqGCZWYb4uBbrgJVgXH1CP7CRdsgG-iujjkgCDIb2pLwtyN70RkeKOnyYWt6u0OMBo/s1600/Florida+3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="333" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOZrKX0oMNDZX2caKcadP7oRbM7fxX1fbn3ZToynyxg3xOKyvZC8bB6RDlHNpG_sX1X1t1nZQT9gqGCZWYb4uBbrgJVgXH1CP7CRdsgG-iujjkgCDIb2pLwtyN70RkeKOnyYWt6u0OMBo/s400/Florida+3.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Getting to Florida bus terminal from Airport was bit messy for me. I was coming from Palawan. Airport to Bus terminals are like 15 km away. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgojOaMvURxhwB3NpVVWboc-mQ5hzf_pyWXYZrUEJpSvW4hOGoR16dUVKqw-326y5QfOEmIGbXbH2FBZ8uaNcm_Npn3mNQPjF11CWi_M8mb54UQvLrQp6Gs2Q_PWIH23sw5fRNRyEJeS9M/s1600/Florida+1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="397" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgojOaMvURxhwB3NpVVWboc-mQ5hzf_pyWXYZrUEJpSvW4hOGoR16dUVKqw-326y5QfOEmIGbXbH2FBZ8uaNcm_Npn3mNQPjF11CWi_M8mb54UQvLrQp6Gs2Q_PWIH23sw5fRNRyEJeS9M/s400/Florida+1.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">But Pinoy Travels guys have advised me due to Manila traffic it could be a 1 hour ride. As well as taxi fee is like 200 pesos. I realized the value of their advices as once I landed in airport, I came out and was looking for a taxi, One guy came to me and asked for 2500 pesos for taxi fee. In Philippines white taxi cars have meters and yellow taxi cars don’t have meters. Never get into a yellow taxi without confirming the fee. Issue with white cars is, if you don’t know the surrounding well, drivers will take rounds till their fee get more. Best solution is Uber. As prices are fixed. That Uber tip was also given to me by Pinoy travel guys. Those tiny little information matters a lot. Bus departure times from Manila are, 10.45pm(Florida), 10pm(Ohayami). And Bus fares are 530 pesos(Florida) and 450 pesos (Ohayami). Only Ohayami buses operates Banaue to Manila. Departure time is 7pm and bus fare is 450 pesos.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyvjKVQqDJ73FpFHFGG64I0h0g_KdBIp6RMZNwocAFCFq5SMg4zrAh185T695goFu0d8Va_KcAWYGZXhonN_RXvcX6IZiujLHtgqMWdEXuGjw1TWwlJ5mHWNttnRrXfNXMh2M4936QMlc/s1600/Florida+2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="271" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyvjKVQqDJ73FpFHFGG64I0h0g_KdBIp6RMZNwocAFCFq5SMg4zrAh185T695goFu0d8Va_KcAWYGZXhonN_RXvcX6IZiujLHtgqMWdEXuGjw1TWwlJ5mHWNttnRrXfNXMh2M4936QMlc/s400/Florida+2.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">I took the overnight Florida 10.45pm bus to Banaue. I reached Banaue around 7.30am. Joel was there to pick me. It is a free picking and dropping. The main reason why I selected them, One less trouble of getting fooled by Taxi. But when I reached there, It was a place where you cannot find lot of luxurious stuff. Climate is fine. Bit cold. Unpredictable rains, landslides as well. One thing to note about bus journey is, as per the reviews I've read before going, Bring your warm clothes as bus drivers used to put the maximum A/C on. But for my case, I didn't notice it much. Maybe I was sleeping or Maybe bus drivers have learnt their lessons after many complaints. </span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">As I figured there're 3 key personnel in this place. Denvil, Joel and Ronie. All are very friendly, very helpful and you can trust your life getting isolated with them. First day I did the Banaue view point trail with Denvil. He took me safely. I was travelling solo but he took the every measure to keep me safe. Next day I did the batad trail with Ronie, which is absolutely fantastic. Joel took us to the starting point by his van. It was supposed to be a habal-habal ride. But previous evening I showed Joel 2 nasty cuts in my legs during a random chat. So Batad trail morning he told he'd take us there from van. They are such nice people. If you want to see original rice terraces, You should visit Batad. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjO_2BHybFwKzHvcwCmtCEuX94KJWMmNEdvN9vqqkga-v_8n57gujszDuzoDFcRIJyEFbiy_A1OOScgUzb5_qYIxj1dkBN4VvVEI_HVZxlq2JgkLHgx4mDSMWOmwRNwimzm8ApwVZ3tiVc/s1600/4.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjO_2BHybFwKzHvcwCmtCEuX94KJWMmNEdvN9vqqkga-v_8n57gujszDuzoDFcRIJyEFbiy_A1OOScgUzb5_qYIxj1dkBN4VvVEI_HVZxlq2JgkLHgx4mDSMWOmwRNwimzm8ApwVZ3tiVc/s400/4.JPG" width="398" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">It is one of the 5 UNESCO world heritage sites there, Banaue rice terraces are not a UNESCO world heritage site due to some modifications made later. If you want to see original rice terraces, You should visit Batad. It is one of the 5 UNESCO world heritage sites there, Banaue rice terraces are not a UNESCO world heritage site due to some modifications made later. </span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">I've attached in the photos about the trail and the prices. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5xjLHF1gy7-xzZUd0fPGSOhlSyWBABNIVCD_XYVbT1rDVO4RqfngT-mpoyUJHTWGLdqD-_0iZWnN6TpOHasfYU1j23Wfi1UeASEBGKHISVLuXl-hotF198nnGDgdM_P5QlzRWcjQmXWk/s1600/1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5xjLHF1gy7-xzZUd0fPGSOhlSyWBABNIVCD_XYVbT1rDVO4RqfngT-mpoyUJHTWGLdqD-_0iZWnN6TpOHasfYU1j23Wfi1UeASEBGKHISVLuXl-hotF198nnGDgdM_P5QlzRWcjQmXWk/s400/1.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtUiaKPLiViMJCx8phdlKELdS1wxm4B7hzIH22SefMnyKbUbc-_Umilp6UdI6Mm0SWA9wv2USCnk4Gbz4DMzTsxqx6_q7KtB612Zq0cjNy7c9VbPvyMUIQ7lyD8_9SKXwWoIJXXSwL-EI/s1600/2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtUiaKPLiViMJCx8phdlKELdS1wxm4B7hzIH22SefMnyKbUbc-_Umilp6UdI6Mm0SWA9wv2USCnk4Gbz4DMzTsxqx6_q7KtB612Zq0cjNy7c9VbPvyMUIQ7lyD8_9SKXwWoIJXXSwL-EI/s400/2.JPG" width="333" /></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">For a solo traveler I thought Banaue is bit expensive, But for a group it may not as costs are divided. Let's say you want to do the Batad trail, Guide fee is 1300 pesos and Habal habal fee is 1000 pesos. Habal habal will wait till you come from trekking. It's like a 4-5 hour trek. </span></div>
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">I stayed at Bogah Home stay. Rice Home stay is situated in the same place. Only divided by 2 boards. The place has food you want, Coffee, tea and other soft drinks. Rooms are comfortable. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Hot baths available. WiFi is considerably fine. I spent 2 days(1 night) here. Ronie escorted me to the Ohayami bus terminal. That was also free. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">No ATMs in Banaue. But there's a joint you can do foreign exchange. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">I was traveling solo. But Denwil, Joel and Ronie took a good care of me. I’d suggest these guys to anyone who wish to visit Banaue, You can trust your life with these 3. </span></div>
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<iframe width="320" height="266" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/2YUjW0W8W90/0.jpg" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/2YUjW0W8W90?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">I couldn’t do a separate video on Batad but Ronie took me to see a waterfall as well. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilwhxQIA9qGPQbidPggcxVrhyphenhyphenBmO4hEJb-cZE9JNfGUGEnalZ9V2lH8QPZudz33RvsDuS_vFMd3_rNo5CcIvh_BNFnRxGq1hEi7nuQpsPcBUUXMbQEnKKXg1bAXVicBA0_8Qw9W_LDqSQ/s1600/x.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilwhxQIA9qGPQbidPggcxVrhyphenhyphenBmO4hEJb-cZE9JNfGUGEnalZ9V2lH8QPZudz33RvsDuS_vFMd3_rNo5CcIvh_BNFnRxGq1hEi7nuQpsPcBUUXMbQEnKKXg1bAXVicBA0_8Qw9W_LDqSQ/s400/x.JPG" width="270" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Also Joel drove to show me several other rice terraces as well, which were not included in my tour I booked with them. Couldn’t visit the last one due to a heavy landslide. I’d highly recommend these 3 people and Bogah Homestay if you’re planning to visit Banaue. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">In case you interest, I’ll leave the Facebook accounts of them so you can contact them before you plan your tour. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Denwil <a href="https://www.facebook.com/denzky.batangog?fref=ts">https://www.facebook.com/denzky.batangog?fref=ts</a> </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Joel <a href="https://www.facebook.com/joel.ognayon?fref=ts">https://www.facebook.com/joel.ognayon?fref=ts</a> </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Ronie <a href="https://www.facebook.com/ronieking?fref=ts">https://www.facebook.com/ronieking?fref=ts</a> </span></div>
Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-66255347387608219032017-01-21T02:57:00.000-08:002017-01-21T02:57:28.789-08:00Whale Shark Watching - Oslab Cebu Philippines<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: large;">I came to Cebu-Mactan airport. Then I took a taxi to South
Bus terminal(Taxi fee is 300 pesos, but I gave 350) Don't mess up the bus
terminals, as there's North Bus terminal as well. </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: large;">At Southern bus terminal you should take Yellow bus goes to
Tan awan via Oslob. Every 20 min a bus leaves. I asked the bus driver and bus
conductor to drop me at the whale shark briefing center, as my stay was very
closer to that. Bus fare is 165 pesos.</span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: large;">Reviews I read said Bus terminal to Oslob was 3 1/2 hours
journey but it took 4 1/2 hours. So it was the most mentally torturous night I
spent in Philippines, as very next day I had a flight to catch at 2.20pm after
watching whale sharks. So I gathered as much as details from Stop 'n shop
people, the place I stayed and they instructed me well. So I went to the
briefing center around 5.30am, 3 min walk from Stop 'n shop, got myself
registered, Sharp at 6am they started briefing and by 6.10am I was on a boat to
see whale sharks. Snorkeling with whale sharks fee is 1000 pesos and you get 30
mins, Diving with whale sharks is 3000 pesos and you get 1 hour. But I felt
more fun is with snorkeling.<br /><br /><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: large;">It was a quite short stay. But I heard there are waterfalls
that you can visit in Cebu, I wish I could too but my sole intention was seeing
whale sharks in close proximity. It was an amazing experience. Very cheap as
well. It doesn't cost you much. Good for solo travelers too, very very exciting
adrenaline rush for very small amount. Absolutely worth the experience.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: large;">BTW by 7am I came to my hotel and took 7.30am Yellow bus
back to Cebu. Every 20 mins you get a bus. And I managed to come to the airport
2 hours before the flight.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: large;"><u>Stop 'n shop tourist Inn<o:p></o:p></u></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: large;">The best place I stayed in Philippines. It was like 6.30pm I
arrived there. Went there only to watch whale sharks. 3 min walk to the whale
shark briefing centre. Clean rooms, Clean toilets, hot water bath, clean linen
and even they've kept you a kettle and Milo. Life saviors. 2 girls who talked
with me were very kind and much helpful with the details I wanted to know.
Without a doubt I'd suggest this place to anyone. Perfect budget joint.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: large;">[P.S. They didn't pay me for this. Just sharing my honest
idea]</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-20851966553604418302017-01-20T21:56:00.000-08:002017-01-20T21:56:24.521-08:00Solo Traveling Tips <div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">Tip 01 – Have your own notes</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Write down everything that you want to know about where
you're going. Your flight details, taxi fares, routes, even mine had weather
predictions. </span></div>
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<o:p><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></o:p><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">This is my note to Zipline. First flight time. Then I had a
taxi to take to bus terminal. Taxi fare is there (Philippines taxi drivers are
complete another story). Then I had 2 busses to take. Bus fares, estimated
travel times, additional advises also there. That information I found reading
TripAdvisor and Google Reviews. Then hotel phone numbers, booking references
and everything. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">I knew I'll be landing in completely alien places. To be familiarized,
I took printouts of Google maps and places. You might not have internet where
you go, your battery may be dead, but still you can use this.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">People who have been with me on trips (The ones I get to
organize in SL) know how I organize stuff. Finding places to making routes.
Simply I don't want anything to miss after going 200, 300km. Googling is the
best way to find information.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-large;">Tip 02 – Update someone</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Have someone updated about your journey. Easily you can use
WhatsApp or Viber. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">The ones you pick to update should have a decent history of
replying WhatsApp messages at least. In my case these 2 and my parents knew
where I was, where I'd be going, estimated time to destinations, and time to
start panic. Once I made to my destination points, I updated them. Just small
WhatsApp messages. Also they all had hard copies of my schedule of stay, Hotel
phone numbers and detailed itinerary. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh85-hQkZLzBhSyXtaggYSbBiyft4smGiRe2fbXGrbOykHb5DgAPY65olT_T5IcqA6aa_44q6n0FJgvl4M6OHjklM7EmbV8ZGxZ7YoAWwyEUQ-rJRghu9tlDsjLX3gNnE83ZCqCjGE7O6o/s1600/2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="397" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh85-hQkZLzBhSyXtaggYSbBiyft4smGiRe2fbXGrbOykHb5DgAPY65olT_T5IcqA6aa_44q6n0FJgvl4M6OHjklM7EmbV8ZGxZ7YoAWwyEUQ-rJRghu9tlDsjLX3gNnE83ZCqCjGE7O6o/s400/2.JPG" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">I'd trust my life with these 2 any given day. And of course
these 2 knew more than my parents. The crazy stuff I'd be doing and all. My
mother still doesn't know about the zipline (Even still, January mid). And not a word about Whale Sharks.
She's sensitive as a sensitive mother can be. See how she's panicked for me for standing on 2 feet water, but she doesn't know
that I swam with whales :P</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">In Philippines, Police shot at sight if they suspect you as
a drug Lord. (Hope you're aware of their new President, if not refer some
western media. But Filipinos love him. He's doing a good job; just the issue is
his mouth). Civil casualty, as their President himself said, it's civilians
responsibility to take care of themselves. Kill a drug lord, no bound for civil
deaths, but reward is 50000 pesos (close to $1100). And human trafficking and
kidnapping rates are very high. (Even my 2 friends will learn this part now. I
knew but didn't want them to give extra headaches). And be very careful with
Philippine taxi drivers. Those are concerns for Solo Travelers. That's why
updating someone is important</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">Tip 03 - Secret pockets, Fake wallets.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNjo_eymcTisatVyRy5utRDxcyJRdutmh5qEvGdoEUTXKb8aUr7f__lsv4w6iQqE3uhmVEuIe2xXMEWUsty7M_NoaKjITUcOXjl527BOiwhK4YkqObN8d4kvj1Izjcp1XiVn2VONFZ9o4/s1600/3.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNjo_eymcTisatVyRy5utRDxcyJRdutmh5qEvGdoEUTXKb8aUr7f__lsv4w6iQqE3uhmVEuIe2xXMEWUsty7M_NoaKjITUcOXjl527BOiwhK4YkqObN8d4kvj1Izjcp1XiVn2VONFZ9o4/s400/3.JPG" width="400" /></a></span></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">I got my tailor to make 2 extra secret pockets in my shorts.
He charged me only Rs 100 (like $0.75) for each pocket. I clearly told him this
is what I'm going to do, this is how I want them and sizes. In that pocket I
used to keep my very valuables like passport, and greater extent of money.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">I used 2 wallets, one real, and one fake. The real one is
more than a wallet as it was a present from my Granny. When I was in grade 8 (2002).
Since then I kept it and under no circumstance I'd let myself to lose it. Fake
wallet also had 2 expired debit cards and lesser amount of money, which I used
to pay taxi fees, bus fees and for goods I bought at shops. If I ever
encountered a robbing sort of a situation (Note 'IF' ), I'd throw away the fake
wallet and run. The time robbers busy with fake wallet would've been enough for
me to get my head out of danger, that’s what I thought, if I ever got into
trouble. But nothing like that happened. Philippines is absolute safe to
travel. But you never know. Better be prepared. These are very easy things to
keep your stuff securely. Even for the local trips, I hope this would help.
These photos I took in Oslob, the night before I went to see Whale sharks.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">Tip 04 - Medical kit.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsnqTC09Rcen2k18J9MhG5vNlY1bHs4WbKDwG7_M7aTotI9n5QEuO8UGAIGxVKdzKzTm_8bAGp7IJMqEc13faCaih_uALNfhuyxPR2Ge6xVsOFOOZ9XCn7yEdbdfwMBNkUEOhjJohlyaM/s1600/4.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsnqTC09Rcen2k18J9MhG5vNlY1bHs4WbKDwG7_M7aTotI9n5QEuO8UGAIGxVKdzKzTm_8bAGp7IJMqEc13faCaih_uALNfhuyxPR2Ge6xVsOFOOZ9XCn7yEdbdfwMBNkUEOhjJohlyaM/s400/4.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">I had medicine for stomachache, toothache, Panadine, Detol,
Plasters, ASAMODAGUM, bandages, Siddalepa, Wintegeno, and
few tablets for any kind of pain. Also that liquid to clean eyes in case a
refuse stuck in my eyes. I'm a bit regular customer in Nugegoda Cargills, as
you know they've a pharmacy. I know those guys and I told them what I want,
they got my medicine important-as-they-thought prepared (Since I know them, I
didn't have to give a prescription. And last year I went South Korea, back then
also they got me prepared the medical kit). I spent like Rs 400 or 500 for
that. Nothing much, very simple. Used it when my legs got wounded in El Nido
while snorkeling. Wintegeno I used for legs after trekking rice terraces. You
never know what to expect, so be ready </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">Tip 05 - <b>GLUCOSE! GLUCOSE!</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_4Qo9Xc_JqPamYj2QpfvOFOfxqhzYF5VbQ1qYhUnNq_4vksvkgVHMU1mgXOS8VZzBhaUDeNIZSAyliUdbKsjPkFmUVNnKptZz8napXWAjru4H3oE8ITTw8DSJtm7EI-uyb5mfkMnbSfU/s1600/5.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_4Qo9Xc_JqPamYj2QpfvOFOfxqhzYF5VbQ1qYhUnNq_4vksvkgVHMU1mgXOS8VZzBhaUDeNIZSAyliUdbKsjPkFmUVNnKptZz8napXWAjru4H3oE8ITTw8DSJtm7EI-uyb5mfkMnbSfU/s400/5.JPG" width="398" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Traveling burns your calories one heck of a lot. Taking 2 packets
of glucose was accidental but one of the wisest decisions I've made. Recently I
was calculating my travel km within Philippines. It was 4543 km. Just to give
you an idea, Colombo Manila distance is 4562km. I traveled 1896 km on the road
and 2647 km on air. 9 days, 6 air routes, 8 planes, 8 take offs. Trust me when
I had my last flight to SL from Kuala Lumpur, as soon as I got on to the plane,
I fell asleep. I felt the plane was moving, so I thought it was on a runaway.
Then suddenly I woke up, by then also I thought it was still on the runaway.
Once i checked my watch only I knew it's been good 45 mins since we've started
flying. Traveling is exhausting, you get lack of sleep, and you need energy.
Except for the transportation I drained lot of energy doing trekking, swimming,
of course thinking as well. So, GLUCOSE is your nectar. You don't necessarily
need to have it, just add it to your water bottle. Whenever you feel fatigue,
have 2,3 sips. One of my biggest challenges was to stay without getting
fainted. If I fainted at any point, things would have happened in ways which I
don't even want to imagine. So, have glucose with you. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u>This is very vital.</u></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">Tip 06 - Personal Kit</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilLI1k4uM_Lv4h9h1zvxhJJog7XDEXrxA86L-9EJlHo9OawxjGQ7qwai_7y_wvC_p15HiYyG0YBfeuP6BxDSQCuqtBEPhXSsZ5mt_-rqmb_YpTmnOI2qLK9vZq1rH3cDgcEIk8WzOzdR8/s1600/6.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilLI1k4uM_Lv4h9h1zvxhJJog7XDEXrxA86L-9EJlHo9OawxjGQ7qwai_7y_wvC_p15HiYyG0YBfeuP6BxDSQCuqtBEPhXSsZ5mt_-rqmb_YpTmnOI2qLK9vZq1rH3cDgcEIk8WzOzdR8/s400/6.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Other thing is personal kit. I had wet wipes, ( In case you
fear of nature calls and water . So, substitutes. <span style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif";">පිලිපීන්</span> <span style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif";">කාරයො</span>
<span style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif";">නම්</span> <span style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif";">හොඳට</span> <span style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif";">පස්ස</span> <span style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif";">හෝදන</span> <span style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif";">ජාතියක්</span>, so whole lot of
wet wipes I took there, I brought them back
). 5 Maliban Gold Marie, Sugar packets and tea bags. I'm a Maliban Gold
Marie fanatic (Not Tikiri Marie) so I took them just in case. And it was very
useful. Couple of nights and 2 bus rides, I missed something to eat but
biscuits kept me away from feeling hungry. Plus glucose water. Sugar I couldn't
find small packets but those days we had our annual office functions, so I took
few sugar packets Mount Lavinia people(the ones in BMICH) kept when they served
Morning and evening tea . So, that's how I solved sugar issue. Big packets, 1st
time open, big headache. Small packets, one time use, end of story. Unless for
these I would have been in a serious trouble. Gastritis, headaches and all. So,
have some separate food for yourself. I didn't do this but I'd recommend, take
few Milo packets with you. The place I stayed in Oslob, Stop 'N shop Inn people
seriously need to be praised for this, they've kept Milo packets and a kettle
inside the room. Didn't find it anywhere I went. Life saviors. I took these
pics there.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: x-large;">Tip 07 - M<span style="text-align: justify;">ental Preparation</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">You've money, you've a destination to get lost, and now you
can do solo traveling?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Na na you can't do it like that. At least I don't recommend
it. Solo traveling needs some guts, I'm not boasting but to do the amount of
things I did in Philippines alone need some serious balls. Just telling you
before your pseudo-confidence put you in danger. During solo traveling it's
you, yourself and ONLY yourself. That's a weird mental feeling. You'll realize
this in the very moment you get isolated. So, before traveling abroad, do a
solo travel within your own country first. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFb-vX4vvx8tIIACaKpL19U8Zs5G6Lf5OHJ0lXVbnUmUizW7NCpCieeixoNW6lL_iP9ZHtH4Fx6pUxgpJWZPDUp9ZefLKUMwOBxdOTW7DH9yh7LJXuLDHg_JmNip3OVgX7ozZkaYX9bTE/s1600/5-1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFb-vX4vvx8tIIACaKpL19U8Zs5G6Lf5OHJ0lXVbnUmUizW7NCpCieeixoNW6lL_iP9ZHtH4Fx6pUxgpJWZPDUp9ZefLKUMwOBxdOTW7DH9yh7LJXuLDHg_JmNip3OVgX7ozZkaYX9bTE/s400/5-1.JPG" width="396" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">As for Sri Lankans Arugambay would
be ideal as it's rural, tough conditions, but a tourist area, though there are
Sinhala speaking people, majority muslims speak Tamil. Some tuk tuk guys don't
even understand Sinhala. [But they do know 50 in English(Taxi fee)]. So, get
yourself lost among your own people first. Feel the solo traveling feeling, in
case you can't bear it, you still can give up and come to your home easily. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHrP_hM-r4LF_UPTRFpxsk6s00EkT1w6lKQCMNI4r_0lY_I58g5wEN_WR3rAukITGq0yaxBCZaitaJmjyH8G59E6qlZRwRHVHFBEBxFtpNAzIyr_oK63ILuSVqm2-PV6OCARyGOxeOY5E/s1600/7.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="390" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHrP_hM-r4LF_UPTRFpxsk6s00EkT1w6lKQCMNI4r_0lY_I58g5wEN_WR3rAukITGq0yaxBCZaitaJmjyH8G59E6qlZRwRHVHFBEBxFtpNAzIyr_oK63ILuSVqm2-PV6OCARyGOxeOY5E/s400/7.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">At least go Kandy and spend 2,3 days traveling each place
alone. So you'd know the level of mental pressure you'd be absorbing( I did all
those crazy stuff forgetting my travel insurance at office ). Preparation is
the key, I did solo traveling here, took 2 diving lessons before I went. (<span style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif";">බයවෙන්නෙපා</span>, <span style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif";">මහ</span> <span style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif";">ගානක්</span> <span style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif";">නෑ</span> <span style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif";">රුපියල්</span> 500<span style="font-family: "Iskoola Pota","sans-serif";">යි</span>. scuba diving is
costly), read truck load of reviews, watched zillion amount of YouTube videos.
By the time I went to zipline, I even knew the best camera angle. I do take
risks for adrenaline, but calculated risks. Simply 'Risk nothing, has nothing'.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">So, mental preparation is the final tip. There were downs.
But, whenever I was passing that tough patch, I thought "by the time I hit
my 60, will I regret not doing this when I was 27?". </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: large;">You only have one
life to live.</span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-49901895359328354772013-10-15T04:34:00.000-07:002013-10-15T20:38:10.132-07:00Facebook and Internet, How you can get into trouble<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #222222;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7kJCp6imR7xnKL_AugDN_gBTu0Gqtq1fqsAZRYid_aTzfabHdLzj6YdBg_8PaWTebsYZA8ibn6ns957cpE0zmMq42-e2wSms9ciZN8ShQTg8V6vhbC7MgGi89jx__od_JrVN3NKl3U3Y/s1600/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7kJCp6imR7xnKL_AugDN_gBTu0Gqtq1fqsAZRYid_aTzfabHdLzj6YdBg_8PaWTebsYZA8ibn6ns957cpE0zmMq42-e2wSms9ciZN8ShQTg8V6vhbC7MgGi89jx__od_JrVN3NKl3U3Y/s1600/images.jpg" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #222222;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">If you are part of Generation Y then your daily life is all about being connected. Internet has revolutionized normal day to day life and people vivaciously getting part of social media.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Social media in our lives now has become a cannot-get-rid-of partner. We've come to an era that we tend to have a look at social media accounts even before getting off from the morning bed after waking up. Expanding one’s network to a great extent, Social media is a place where a one can gain knowledge in many areas. How the vital Facebook play’s in some people’s life is that some live in Facebook. There’s nothing like making connections online via Facebook and other social networks. As for another instance Twitter, it is the place where real-time conversations happen more often.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">And social media can be used in many other ways too. For an example, Facebook is a good place for marketing purposes and data mining stuff. It’s a diamond mine for a one who deals with market pattern analysis. Facebook one single click leaves you what people like; accordingly you can set your product strategies.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">While the Internet has provided an array of benefits and advantages for today's society, With all these advantages with internet and social media, its darker side has substantially emerged as well. Many a people get into trouble because of Facebook. Maybe their unawareness or maybe thanks to their negligence. Either way number of people who get into trouble because of Social media rises day by day.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">There’re quite a few ways that you can get in to trouble. First thing is Phishing. You get a link from a one of your well known friends and you click it. Then it asks for your Facebook or other premade account’s username and password. You enter relevant details and check what is inside it. Real problem comes after next. After sometime you can’t access to your Facebook account. Someone has hacked your account. Behind story is something like you’ve faced a Trojan horse sort of an incident. The link you directed is the bait, as soon as you enter your details, those usernames and passwords are being collected by a software. The one who sent the link has the access to the software and that one can easily get your usernames and passwords. Afterwards you enter username and password, link will direct you to the real site whatever thing you wanted to check. To get rid of this,</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Don’t click on any links provided by unknown people.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Don’t give any of your E-mail or Facebook account credentials for an example User Name, Password to anyone else</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Check whether the link is http or https especially in the link. Always use secure https connection.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Stay within your “friend” list and don’t make any private information public on Facebook.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Always check that you’re accessing the correct URL.</span></li>
</ul>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Next thing, most of the time girls, got into trouble is sharing passwords with boyfriends. By any chance if the affair breaks, then the fellow starts evaluating all possible ways to hurt the girl. So sharing passwords with someone else is really matter of concern. After someone gets to know your account details there are numerous ways that one can hurt you.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">So to get rid of these troubles, overall we can suggest few things. Do not deny these things at the expense of security and your good name.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Always create strong passwords for online accounts, and include letters, numbers, and symbols. Longer passwords (at least 8-10 characters) are more secure and help prevent brute force attacks. And try not to use the same password for multiple sites.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Split your emails. Rather than linking Facebook, Twitter, newsgroups, forums, shopping and banking sites to one email address, use multiple addresses. As a minimum, use one for social activities and one for financial business.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Use multi factor authentication wherever it is possible and it will help you to figure out if someone is trying to access your accounts using a different machine or without your knowledge. </span></li>
</ul>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Up above we discussed that how to prevent from internet harassments as always Prevention is better than cure. But if a one gets into trouble, yet there are options that could take to get rid of such tantalizing situations. Within Sri Lanka there are government firms that can help you.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"> In case of a cyber-harassment there are certain authorities in Sri Lanka who can take action. For an instance if it is a Facebook case first option is to go through Facebook’s Report option. Secondly if they don’t take any action you can report to Sri Lanka CERT|CC by calling or emailing.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Not only Facebook cases, from website hacking to any other internet crime, you can report to Sri Lanka CERT.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">SL CERT: <a href="http://www.cert.gov.lk/">http://www.cert.gov.lk</a> Tel: +94 11 269 1692 / 269 5749 / 267 9888</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">Facebook: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/CERT.lk">https://www.facebook.com/CERT.lk</a></span></div>
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Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-901123207789995572013-07-15T07:36:00.000-07:002013-07-15T08:30:12.675-07:00පාඩම් කරන ඒවා මතක හිටින්නෙ නැද්ද?<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">ඉගෙන ගන්න කාලේ තීන ලොකුම ප්රශ්නයක්නේ ඔය.පාඩම් කරනෝ කරනෝ ඒත් මතක හිටින්නේ නෑ.එක හේතුවක් සිහි කල්පනාවෙන් කියවන්නෙ නැති එක.ඒ උනාට අවුලක් නෑ ඕක බොහොම ලේසියෙන් ගොඩ එන්න පුළුවන් ප්රශ්නයක්.අනික කවුරුවත් හිතන්නෙපා පාඩම් කරපුවා මතක හිටින්නැත්තේ ලෙඩක් නිසා කියලා, ඒක එහෙම තමයි, ඔළුවට දේවල් වැටෙන්න වැටෙන්න අමතක වෙනවා.ඒක එහෙම වෙන්නෝන.එහෙම වෙනවා කියන්නේ ඔයාට හොඳට වැඩ කරන ඔළුවක් තියෙනවා.ඒත් මොලේ කියන්නේ අන්ලිමිටඩ් ස්ටෝරේජ් එකක්.ඒකට දේවල් ඕන තරම් දාන්න පුලුවන්,එකම දේ අපි ඉඳලා හිටලා ආයේ මතක් කරලා ගන්න ඕන.නිකන් හිතලා බලන්න,ගෙදර කම්පියුටරේට මොනාහරි ෆයිල් එකක් දැම්මා කියලා,ඒත් කාලෙකින් ගියේ නැති උනාම සේව් කල තැනවත් මතක නෑනේ.ඒත් හැමදාම බලන අර හංඟලා තීන </span><img goomoji="32B" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/e/32B" style="font-family: arial; font-size: small; margin: 0px 0.2ex; text-align: start; vertical-align: middle;" /><span style="font-size: large;"> ෆයිල්ස් ඇස් දෙක වහන් උනත් ක්ලික් කර කර ගිහින් හොයාගන්න පුළුවන්නේ </span><img goomoji="329" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/e/329" style="font-family: arial; font-size: small; margin: 0px 0.2ex; text-align: start; vertical-align: middle;" /><span style="font-size: large;">.අන්න ඒ වගේ තමා පාඩම් කරපුවත් ඉඳලා හිටලා හරි මතක් කලාම තමා ආයේ ඔළුවට එන්නේ.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">හරි, අපි බලමු මේක කොහොමද කරන්නේ කියලා. හරිම සිම්පල්. ඕන වෙන්නේ <span style="color: yellow;">කහ පාට A4</span> ටිකකුයි ප්ලැටිග්නම් සෙට් එකකුයි.පාඩම් කරද්දි විභාගෙට අහයි කියලා හිතෙන කරුණු තීනවනේ,ඒවා තමන්ගේ ක්රමේට, කැමතිනම් සාරාංශ කරලා, එහෙම නැත්නම් ගෙඩිය පිටින්ම ඔය කහ පාට A4 වල තමන්ට මීටර් 5ක 10ක වගේ දුරක ඉඳන් බලන්න පුළුවන් ගානට ලොකු අකුරෙන් ලියලා තමන් පාඩම් කරන තැන බිත්තියේ අලවගන්න.මමනම් පාඩම් කලේ මගේ කාබරේ,එක බිත්තියක් පිරෙන්න අලවලා තිබ්බා.සති 2ක් තිබ්බනම් ඇති,ඔය නිකන් ඉන්න වෙලාවට පොඩ්ඩක් ඇහැ යවලා බිත්තිය දිහා බලන්න.එච්චරයි.මතකයේ තදින්ම තියෙන්න ඕන ඒවනම් ඇලෙව්වේ මේසෙ ඉස්සරහම තීන බිත්තියේ.හැම වෙලාවෙම පේනවනේ.</span><span style="font-size: large;">Chemistry</span><span style="font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-size: large;">නිසා විනාස වෙලා ඉන්න උදවියට බොහොම හොඳ උදව්වක් මේක.මම අත්දැකීමෙන් කියන්නේ.Chemistry Inorganic එහෙම ඒ ඒ පාටින්ම ලියලා තිබ්බා,පාට මතක තියාගන්න තීනවනේ එකේ.හොඳට මතක හිටිනවා.Organic වලටත් කරන්න පුළුවන්.ආයේ ප්රතිකාරක එහෙම බොහොම හොඳට ඔළුවට වදිනවා.දන්නවා ඇතිනේ පරිවර්තනයක් දුන්නම තීන අමාරුව</span><span style="font-size: large;">.</span><span style="font-size: large;">බොහොම ලේසියට ප්රතිකාරක සෙට් එක ඔළුවට එනවා.ඉස්සෙල්ලා </span><span style="font-size: large;">කහපාට</span><span style="font-size: large;"> කොළ 5ක් විතර ගෙනල්ලා කරලා බලන්න නිකමට,ඊට පස්සේ තේරෙයි එලදායි වැඩක්ද නැද්ද කියලා.</span><span style="font-size: large;">දැන් අනිත් ප්රශ්නේ බිත්තියෙ තීන්ත ටික විනාසයි විභාගේ ඉවරවෙද්දි කියන එකනේ.ඒකට තියෙන්නේ ගම්වලින් අලවද්දි පොඩ්ඩක් වතුරත් කවලම් කරලා ගාන්න.ඒත් සමහර වෙලාවල් වලදි ගැලවෙනවා.ඒ නිසා හොඳම විදිය මමනම් කියන්නේ සෙලෝටේප් වලින් අලවන්න.පොඩි සෙලෝටේප් එකක් රුපියල් 15ක් වගේ නේ වෙන්නේ.කොළ 100ක් විතර අලවන්න ඇහැකි එක ටේප් එකකින්.අමතක උනා මුලින් කියන්න,කහපාට A4 කොළයක් රුපියල් 3ක් වගේ වෙන්නේ,සමහර වෙලාට ඊට වඩා පොඩ්ඩක් වැඩි ඇති.</span><span style="font-size: large;">කොළ 5ක් රුපියල් 15යිනේ.</span><span style="font-size: large;">ප්ලැටිග්නම් ඉතින් රුපියල් 100ට අඩු වෙයි.මම හිතන්නෙ නෑ ඕක මහා ලොකු ගානක් කියලා තීන අවශ්යතාවය ගැන සලකල බැලුවම.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">ඕක බොහොම හොඳ ක්රමයක් හැමදාම පාඩම් කරන්න අකැමති අයට.එක පාරක් පාඩම් කරද්දි ලියලා බිත්තියේ ඇලෙව්වනම් ඒ ඇති.ඊට පස්සේ ඔය නිකන් ඉන්න වෙලාවට කියවන එකනේ.නිකන් ඉන්න වෙලාවට කියවන්න ඕනෙත් නෑ,ඔය මොකක් හරි කරද්</span>දි <span style="font-size: large;">ඔළුව කරකවනකොට දැක්කත් ඇති. </span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">ඒත් මතක තියාගන්න, <span style="color: yellow;">කහපාට A4 </span>සහ ප්ලැටිග්නම් පමණයි.</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">ක්රමේ නම් ඕක,ඊට එහා මනෝ විද්යාත්ම පසුබිම දැන් කියන්නම්.සරලවම කියනවනම්,කහපාට හොඳට මතකයට දේවල් කිඳා බහින්න උදව් කරන වර්ණයක්.තව දෙයක් කහ පාට තමයි ඇහැ වැඩියෙන්ම මහන්සි කරවන පාට,එතකොට අපි ටිකක් උනන්දුවෙන් බැලෙනවා.කහපාට සම්බන්ධ වෙන්නෙ සතුට,ප්රීතිය,කල්පනා කිරීමේ ශක්තිය,බුද්ධිය කියන හැඟීම් එක්ක.ස්නායු උත්තේජනයත් වැඩී කහපාටට.මනෝමය ක්රියාකාරකම් උත්තේජනය වැඩී ඊට සමගාමීව.ඉස්මතු කිරීම ඉතා ඉහලින් වෙනවා කහපාටින්,ඒ නිසා මොළේට ඒ පණිවිඩේ බොහොම හොඳට යනවා.නිකන් කල්පනා කරලා බලන්න,ඕන සෙනඟක් මැද්දේ කහපාට ඇඳන් ඉන්න කෙනෙක් කොච්චර ඉක්මනට ඇහැ අල්ලගන්නවද කියලා.ඇහැට අමාරු තමා මතක් කරනකොටත්, ඒත් කැපී පෙනීම වැඩී. අනික කහ පාටට නිදිමත එන්නෙ නෑ.නිදිමත වැඩියෙන් එනවනම් කාබරේ කහ පාටින් පේන්ට් කරගත්තත් කමක් නෑ </span><img goomoji="329" src="https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/e/329" style="font-family: arial; font-size: small; margin: 0px 0.2ex; text-align: start; vertical-align: middle;" /><span style="font-size: large;">.තව ඕනනම් උදාහරණයක් කියනවනම් නිල් පාට කියන්නේ අපිව සංසුන් කරන,ලිහිල් කරන වර්ණය.මම හිතන්නේ ඔය ඇති කියලා පැහැදිලි කිරීම.ඕක තමයි කහපාට මත්තෙම මැරෙන්න හේතුව.මේක A/Ls,O/Ls ලියන්න ඉන්න අයටනම් වැදගත් වේවී.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">If I share my personal experience, I did Maths for my A/Ls. This helped me a lot for MCQs. I used to jot down the points and It's aided me to a level that before 2 months of the exam I was in Chemistry MCQs 30-35 level. At the exam I scored 48 out of 60. And Physics I was in 40-45 MCQs level. But at the exam I've got 53 out of 60. The thing is, up to first 50 I've scored 48 and out of the last 10, I just managed to mark correctly only 5. As you know last 10 they check your thinking ability. But I'm a තල්ලු start fellow. So I scored as much as I can from first 50. First 50 more or less past papers. Highly tested areas are being everyday tested. I don't know about Commerce or Art subjects, but this is really helpful to any careworn Subject, So you can use it as you wish. If I move from A/Ls to Other studies, this trick helped me to score 63 </span><span style="font-size: large;">for my CIMA EO paper</span><span style="font-size: large;">[Normally Sri Lankan prize for EO is around 70]</span><span style="font-size: large;">. It's a high score for a horrendous</span><span style="font-size: large;"> paper like EO, where examiners check each and every Theory part of the Subject. This is just to convince that how this method is useful to your studies. This is not that very hard or troublesome to practice either.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeB9bM3DJzbBFP8vqlkvE8htES9hyphenhyphenk8byhqSh74jgeASBd42vg3mwaAqXjsoOIearUkFj87QoOudqxIouJfzRfolXwnpWvyHIFP4kA6_AY9yY3Axh9GBxpdWu5x6QLmlJ6PIr1KExoV0Q/s1600/DSC01360.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeB9bM3DJzbBFP8vqlkvE8htES9hyphenhyphenk8byhqSh74jgeASBd42vg3mwaAqXjsoOIearUkFj87QoOudqxIouJfzRfolXwnpWvyHIFP4kA6_AY9yY3Axh9GBxpdWu5x6QLmlJ6PIr1KExoV0Q/s1600/DSC01360.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
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Photo: <a href="http://www.friendshipcircle.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Mental-Heatlh-Tips-for-children-with-learning-disabilities.jpg">http://www.friendshipcircle.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Mental-Heatlh-Tips-for-children-with-learning-disabilities.jpg</a></div>
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Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-77741377776144112302013-06-26T09:15:00.000-07:002013-06-28T10:47:27.097-07:00Slavery and Human Trafficking<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiF3CPZYb6viNh-vg06cm9KZX961x9DKfStzcDsUGSfTQpQ8i88wHDx9gDMh6ZInyQR0sWpxptSX7Usj-MYc-s1J029b13GokOUGrnvVDiUWo0JKCe1f-6DENzwfaucVsnHks8FdjHiPuQ/s1600/slaves_in_chains2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiF3CPZYb6viNh-vg06cm9KZX961x9DKfStzcDsUGSfTQpQ8i88wHDx9gDMh6ZInyQR0sWpxptSX7Usj-MYc-s1J029b13GokOUGrnvVDiUWo0JKCe1f-6DENzwfaucVsnHks8FdjHiPuQ/s320/slaves_in_chains2.jpg" height="200" width="320" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><u>What is Slavery?<o:p></o:p></u></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Slavery or Human Trafficking is where people treated
as property to be bought & sold, and withhold human beings for the purpose
of forced and unpaid labour. Slavery is undoubtedly considered as an unethical
practice since no one has a right to crucify another fellow human being’s
freedom for his/her own comfort. Transgressing one’s rights will lead to total
human unhappiness, exploit and degrade human rights. It leaves a legacy of
discrimination and perpetuates the abuse of children.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">If we trot out affected parties of slavery, figures are bemusing. From Egyptians enslaving Libyans in 8000BC to modern world, now it’s spreading out to types like Bride-buying, Child labour, Debt bondage, Human trafficking, Impressment peonage, Penal labour, Sexual slavery and Wage slavery.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><u>Current Dispersion<o:p></o:p></u></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">In the contemporary world, even though slavery is now outlawed in all countries, still the number of slaves’ remains as high as 12 million to 27 million. This contemporary slave industry is one of the largest criminal industries in the world today, which worth $32 billion annually. Slaves harvest cocoa in the Ivory Coast, make charcoal used to produce steel in Brazil, weave carpets in India are few appearances of modern world slavery.</span></span></div>
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<b><span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><u>Affected parties and Consequences<o:p></o:p></u></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 27px;">One of the bad repercussions that engraved in human history due to slavery is, it indisputably contributed most to the present situation of Africa. It permanently weakened the continent, led to its colonization by the Europeans in the nineteenth century and engendered the racism and contempt from which Africans still suffer. Also society was disrupted since slavery made Tribal wars, People felt insecure and little modernization took place in those localities. Apart from those above mention points, Cities were destroyed since people fled to cities to avoid being captured and it was dangerous to live in large groups. When it comes to modern world context, many a countries still have slavery in one form or another. As for few instances Child trafficking, bonded labor, Forced labor for</span> <span style="line-height: 27px;">producing basic commodities in agriculture such as cotton, sugarcane, tobacco, coffee, rice, fish, cocoa etc. and exploitation of migrants can be distinguished.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><u>Legal background<o:p></o:p></u></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Quite stupendously still, Slavery has been accepted, justified and admitted by some of the Cultures, Philosophies and Societies dispersed around the world.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Although Plethora of Laws and Regulations are being formulated against Human Trafficking and Slavery, [i.e.1815 Declaration Relative to the Universal Abolition of the Slave Trade, Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948)] still a considerable and substantial level of slavery is still being dispersed and propagated all around the world.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 27px;">Poverty, Population growth,</span> <span style="line-height: 27px;">Barriers to the free movement of labour, corruption and crime, Ineffectiveness of the anti-slavery laws implemented by some countries can be depicted as the main reasons and obstructions that made Slavery persisted and spread out all over the world. Likewise human trafficking and slavery can be signified as one of the paramount ethical issues prevails in the world and this issue demands more vigilance in future.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><u>Stakeholders<o:p></o:p></u></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Law enforcements, Service Providers, Legal Representatives, Trafficked persons, Governments, Organizations like International Justice Mission (IJM), Coalition to Abolish Slavery & Trafficking (CAST), My Refuge House, Partners Against Trafficking (PAT) are few stakeholders that can be sized up as the interested parties of this particular ethical issue.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="color: red; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>P.S.</b></span></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 18px;"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><b>An Article wrote for a University assignment, Professional Issues.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: 27px;">Image: </span><a href="http://ronetheboxhouston.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/slaves_in_chains2.jpg">http://ronetheboxhouston.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/slaves_in_chains2.jpg</a></span></div>
Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-32651399771126847102013-05-08T09:50:00.001-07:002013-05-08T09:50:21.663-07:00Simple Malloc<b><i><span style="font-size: large;">//Make file code</span></i></b><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><i>//Malloc Code</i>(Save as newmalloc.c)</span></b></div>
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char NewMemory[50000] ;//declare the size of the array</div>
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void NewFree(void *point){</div>
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<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>sprintf(&NewMemory[49901],"%d",0) ; //pointing the zeroth element of the array</div>
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<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>if(point==&NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])]) { ///check wether the pointer memory address with the array index address</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])]='y' ;</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+1]='z' ;</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>sprintf(&NewMemory[49888],"%d",atoi(&NewMemory[49901]));</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//putting the siz of area that wants to free at the end of the "y" character </div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+7]=='z' ; </div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>do{</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>if (NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+1]=='x'){</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//getting the memory siz to be free </div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>sprintf(&NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49888])+1],"%d",(atoi(&NewMemory[49901])-atoi(&NewMemory[49888]))) ;</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>break;}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>else {</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>sprintf(&NewMemory[49901],"%d",(atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+1)) ; </div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}while((atoi(&NewMemory[49901]))<Memory_Size);</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>break;</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>sprintf(&NewMemory[49901],"%d",(atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+1)) ;</div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}while((atoi(&NewMemory[49901]))<Memory_Size);</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>sprintf(&NewMemory[49894],"%d",((atoi(&NewMemory[49894]))-(atoi(&NewMemory[49888])))) ;</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>void initialization(){</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//puting x,y,z to the first three telements of the array to do the searching process of allocation and deallocation</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[0]='x'; </div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[1]='y';</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[2]='z';</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//point to z to remember the end point of allocated area</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[49900]='z';</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[49893]='z';</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>sprintf(&NewMemory[49894] , "%d" , 0);//first insert 0 to the zeroth index of the array keep remember that location in 49900th memory index</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>sprintf(&NewMemory[49888] , "%d" , 0);</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//implementing malloc</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>void *NewMalloc(size_t siz){//passes the size of memory to be allocated </div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>if (NewMemory[0]!='x'){</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>initialization();</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>if (siz> (49893 - atoi(&NewMemory[49894]))){</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//check wether we have enough memory to allocate memory in our memory </div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//if not return NULL</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>return NULL;</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>void allocation1(){</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])]='0' ;</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+siz+1]='x' ;//again insert symbol x to identify the area to be allocated</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+siz+2]='y' ;</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+siz+3]='z' ;</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+siz+9]='z' ;//insert the size to be freed inside the end six bytes after z symbol</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>sprintf(&NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+siz+3],"%d",(atoi(&NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+1])-(siz-3))) ;</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>void allocation2(){</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])]='0' ;</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+siz]='x' ;<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+siz+1]='y' ;<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+siz+2]='z' ;</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>sprintf(&NewMemory[49894],"%d",atoi(&NewMemory[49998])+(siz+1)) ;</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>{</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>for(sprintf(&NewMemory[49901] , "%d",0);atoi(&NewMemory[49901])<Memory_Size;sprintf(&NewMemory[49901], "%d",(atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+1))){/////travelling trough the array to allocate memory</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>if(NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])]=='y'){ //check whether the value of memorylocation 49901 equals to the aski value of y or not</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>if(NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+1]== 'z'){ </div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>if(NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+7] == 'z'){</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>if(atoi(&NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])+1]) > (siz+3)){<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>allocation1();</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>break;<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>else{</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>allocation2();</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>break;</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
</div>
<div>
//Finally allocate the memory in the above array by returning the relavent memory address</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>return(&NewMemory[atoi(&NewMemory[49901])]) ; </div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
}</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
</div>
Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-62104100529656515012013-04-06T22:46:00.000-07:002013-04-06T22:46:28.224-07:00Top 10 Most Valuable Brands 2013 <br />
<div>
<br /></div>
<ol>
<li>Apple <b><span style="font-size: large;">($87.3bn<span style="color: #262159; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, Verdana, sans-serif; line-height: 14px;"> </span>)</span></b><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />
</li>
<li>Samsung <b>($58.8bn)</b></li>
</ol>
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<br /></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
3. Google<b> ($52.1bn)</b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Dz2DfvB0srEN38-sJy1y0zxw9-HeUjD4XR89Ymbm4TDwTzwcTEMrOyP9mHxEG-5zgp_Aj4_L9w2hqKZxu2SeHNJMYkYbFBhATlQd-qp4JLHXGCxhEH24DJUp9G8RHyI0_QlIjWgiVd4/s1600/see-how-your-google-results-measure-up-with-google-grader-video--6b8bbb4b41.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Dz2DfvB0srEN38-sJy1y0zxw9-HeUjD4XR89Ymbm4TDwTzwcTEMrOyP9mHxEG-5zgp_Aj4_L9w2hqKZxu2SeHNJMYkYbFBhATlQd-qp4JLHXGCxhEH24DJUp9G8RHyI0_QlIjWgiVd4/s1600/see-how-your-google-results-measure-up-with-google-grader-video--6b8bbb4b41.jpg" height="111" width="200" /></a></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
4. Microsoft <b>($45.5bn)</b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
5. Walmart<b> ($42.3bn)</b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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6. IBM <b>($37.7bn)</b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
7. General Electric<b> ($37.1bn)</b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
8. Amazon <b>($36.7bn)</b></div>
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9. Coca-Cola<b> ($34.2bn)</b></div>
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10. Verizon <b>($30.7bn)</b></div>
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Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-29952013534159871022013-02-24T01:00:00.000-08:002013-02-24T08:38:24.989-08:00Tools and Techniques to Identify Project Risks <span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
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<span style="font-size: large;">1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><u>Documentation Reviews</u></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>A structured review may be performed of project documentation, including plans, assumptions, previous project files, contracts, and other information. The quality of the plans, as well as consistency between those plans and the project requirements and assumptions can be indicators of risk in projects. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><u>Information Gathering Techniques</u></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Examples of information gathering techniques used in identifying risk can include:</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><b>Brainstorming </b>– The goal of Brainstorming is to obtain a comprehensive list of project risks. The project team usually performs brainstorming, often with multidisciplinary set of experts who are not part of the team. Ideas about project risk are gathered under the leadership of the facilitator; either in a traditional free form brainstorming session with ideas contributed by participants or structured using mass interviewing techniques such as the nominal group technique. Categories of risk, such as risk breakdown structure, can be used as a framework. Risks are then identified and categorized by the type of risk and their definitions are sharpened.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><b>Delphi technique</b> – The Delphi technique is a way to reach a consensus of experts. Project risk experts participate in this technique anonymously. A facilitator uses a questionnaire to solicit ideas about the important project risks. The responses are summarized and are then recalculated to the experts for further comment. Consensus may be reached in a few rounds of their process. The Delphi technique helps reduce bias in data and keep in a few rounds of their process. The Delphi technique helps reduce bias in data and keep any one person from having undue influence on outcome.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><b>Interviewing </b>– Interviewing experienced project participants, stakeholders, and subject matter experts can identify risks.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><b>Root cause analysis </b>– Root cause analysis is a specific technique to identify a problem, discover the underlying causes that lead to it and develop preventive action</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">3.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><u>Checklist Analysis</u></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Risk identification checklists can be developed based on historical information and <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>knowledge that has been accumulated from previous similar projects and from other <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>sources of information. The lowest level of the RBS can also be used as a risk checklist. <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>While a checklist can be quick and simple, it is impossible to build an exhaustive one. <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>The team should make sure to explore items that do not appear on the checklist. The <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>checklist should be reviewed during the project closure to incorporate new lessons <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>learned and improve it for use on future projects.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">4.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><u>Assumption Analysis</u></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Every project and every identified project risk is conceived and developed based on a set of hypotheses, scenarios or assumptions. Assumption analysis explores the validity of assumptions as they apply to the project. It identifies risks to the project from accuracy, instability, inconsistency, or incompetence of assumptions</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">5.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><u>Diagramming Techniques</u></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Risk diagramming techniques may include:</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><b>Cause and effect diagrams </b>– These are also known as Ishikawa or Fish bone diagrams, and are useful for causes of Risks. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><b>System process or flow charts</b> – These show how various elements of a system interrelate, and the mechanism of causation. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><b>Influence diagrams </b>– These are graphical representations of situations showing causal influences, time ordering of events, and other relationships among variables and outcomes.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">6.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><u>SWOT Analysis </u></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">The technique examines the project from each of the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) perspective to increase the breadth of identified risk by including generated risks. The technique starts with identification of Strengths and Weaknesses of the organization, focusing on either the project organization or the wider business. These factors are often identified using Brainstorming. SWOT analysis then identifies any opportunities for the project that arises from organizational Strengths, and many threats arising from organizational weaknesses. SWOT analysis also examines the degree to which organizational strengths offset threats and opportunities that may serve to overcome weaknesses.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">7.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><u>Expert Judgment</u></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Risks can be identified directly by experts with relevant experience of similar projects of business. Such experts should be identified by the project manager and invited to consider all aspects of the project and suggest possible risks based on their previous experience and areas of expertise. The experts’ bias should be taken in to account in this process.</span></div>
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Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-44148857208098926902013-02-11T09:02:00.000-08:002013-02-11T09:15:01.742-08:00Nine types of Intelligence<h1 style="background: white; margin-bottom: 6.75pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: .75pt; margin-top: 9.0pt;">
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<span style="font-size: large;">The Theory of Multiple Intelligence was proposed by Howard Gardner in 1983 to analyze and better describe the concept of Intelligence. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">1. <u>Naturalist Intelligence (“Nature Smart”)</u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Designates the human ability to discriminate among living things (plants, animals) as well as sensitivity to other features of the natural world (clouds, rock configurations). This ability was clearly of value in our evolutionary past as hunters, gatherers, and farmers; it continues to be central in such roles as botanist or chef. It is also speculated that much of our consumer society exploits the naturalist intelligences, which can be mobilized in the discrimination among cars, sneakers, kinds of makeup, and the like.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">For example:</span></div>
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<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Discriminating</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Recognizing and distinguishing between plants and animals</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Sensitive</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Noticing geological formations, clouds, etc.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Agriculture</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Cooking</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Consumer culture</span></li>
<li style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: large;"> Discriminating between 'products'</span></li>
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<span style="font-size: large;">This simply means to purport to deal with the natural world</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">2. <u>Musical Intelligence (“Musical Smart”)</u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Musical intelligence is the capacity to discern pitch, rhythm, timbre, and tone. This intelligence enables us to recognize, create, reproduce, and reflect on music, as demonstrated by composers, conductors, musicians, vocalist, and sensitive listeners. Interestingly, there is often an affective connection between music and the emotions; and mathematical and musical intelligences may share common thinking processes. Young adults with this kind of intelligence are usually singing or drumming to themselves. They are usually quite aware of sounds others may miss.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">For example:</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-size: large;"> Creating</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"> Produce original music</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"> Imitating</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"> Reproduce others' music</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"> Contemplating</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"> Make observations about music</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"> Sensitive listeners</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"> Aware of sounds others may miss</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"> Emotional link</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;"> Mathematical link</span></li>
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<span style="font-size: large;">3. <u>Logical-Mathematical Intelligence (Number/Reasoning Smart)</u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Logical-mathematical intelligence is the ability to calculate, quantify, consider propositions and hypotheses, and carry out complete mathematical operations. It enables us to perceive relationships and connections and to use abstract, symbolic thought; sequential reasoning skills; and inductive and deductive thinking patterns. Logical intelligence is usually well developed in mathematicians, scientists, and detectives. Young adults with lots of logical intelligence are interested in patterns, categories, and relationships. They are drawn to arithmetic problems, strategy games and experiments.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">For Example:</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-size: large;">Calculating</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Quantifying</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Categorical</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Considering propositions and hypotheses</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Solving math problems</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Perceiving relationships and connections</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Using abstract symbolic thought</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Sequential reasoning</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Inductive and deductive thinking</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Interested in patterns</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Mathematicians</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Scientists</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Detectives</span></li>
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<span style="font-size: large;">This is basically analytical or 'rational' thought</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">4. <u>Existential Intelligence</u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Sensitivity and capacity to tackle deep questions about human existence, such as the meaning of life, why do we die, and how did we get here.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b> Why are we here???????? Why do we die?????????? </b>etc</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">5. <u>Interpersonal Intelligence (People Smart”)</u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Interpersonal intelligence is the ability to understand and interact effectively with others. It involves effective verbal and nonverbal communication, the ability to note distinctions among others, sensitivity to the moods and temperaments of others, and the ability to entertain multiple perspectives. Teachers, Social workers, Actors and politicians all are exhibiting interpersonal intelligence. Young adults with this kind of intelligence are leaders among their peers, are good at communicating, and seem to understand others’ feelings and motives.</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-size: large;">Understanding</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Aware of others' feelings and motives</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Communicating</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Perspective-taking</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Sensitivity</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Recognizing others' moods and temperaments</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Teachers</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Social workers</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Actors-politicians</span></li>
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<span style="font-size: large;">This is more concerned with 'effective' communication to gain resources, not emotional communication; there is no mention or consideration of empathy here.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">6. <u>Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence (“Body Smart”)</u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Bodily kinesthetic intelligence is the capacity to manipulate objects and use a variety of physical skills. This intelligence also involves a sense of timing and the perfection of skills through mind–body union. Athletes, dancers, surgeons, and craftspeople exhibit well-developed bodily kinesthetic intelligence.</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-size: large;">Fine motor skills</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Gross motor skills</span></li>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Linguistic intelligence is the ability to think in words and to use language to express and appreciate complex meanings. Linguistic intelligence allows us to understand the order and meaning of words and to apply meta-linguistic skills to reflect on our use of language. Linguistic intelligence is the most widely shared human competence and is evident in poets, novelists, journalists, and effective public speakers. Young adults with this kind of intelligence enjoy writing, reading, telling stories or doing crossword puzzles.</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-size: large;">Think in words</span></li>
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<li><span style="font-size: large;">Reflect on use of language</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Writing</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Reading</span></li>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Intra-personal intelligence is the capacity to understand oneself and one’s thoughts and feelings, and to use such knowledge in planning and directions of one’s life. Intra-personal intelligence involves not only an appreciation of the self, but also of the human condition. It is evident in psychologist, spiritual leaders, and philosophers. These young adults may be shy. They are very aware of their own feelings and are self-motivated.</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-size: large;">Introspection</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Appreciates 'the human condition'</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Psychologists</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Spiritual leaders</span></li>
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<span style="font-size: large;">9. </span><u style="font-size: x-large;">Spatial Intelligence (“Picture Smart”)</u></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Spatial intelligence is the ability to think in three dimensions. Core capacities include mental imagery, spatial reasoning, image manipulation, graphic and artistic skills, and an active imagination. Sailors, pilots, sculptors, painters, and architects all exhibit spatial intelligence. Young adults with this kind of intelligence may be fascinated with mazes or jigsaw puzzles, or spend free time drawing or daydreaming.</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-size: large;">Spatial reasoning</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Image manipulation</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Graphic and artistic skills</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Active imagination</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Daydreaming</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Sailors</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Pilots</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Sculptors</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Painters</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">Architects</span></li>
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Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-71371446162502589272013-01-31T19:50:00.001-08:002013-07-07T19:28:34.046-07:00Money Laundry<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkRh0ko36sKhc0gPOgzFvCjjn6g9UVAU4jBsye6PE9-I_NKb0yV3gfUZBKJblRaPjoxiKf3yGt0u6EIvtGWQFnOVJupYW4ZP7sW_LPDM5oXzKNY2iLxMaWRnvnQ-W4b3j7F_LhQjjciu8/s1600/money_laundering_scheme_big.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkRh0ko36sKhc0gPOgzFvCjjn6g9UVAU4jBsye6PE9-I_NKb0yV3gfUZBKJblRaPjoxiKf3yGt0u6EIvtGWQFnOVJupYW4ZP7sW_LPDM5oXzKNY2iLxMaWRnvnQ-W4b3j7F_LhQjjciu8/s1600/money_laundering_scheme_big.jpg" height="241" width="400" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Money laundering is the process of concealing the source of money obtained by illicit means. What does it means in simple terms is, it’s the act of making money that comes from Source A, look like it comes from Source B. In most cases criminals are trying to disguise the origins of money obtained through illegal activities so it looks like it was obtained from legal sources. Money laundering happens in basic three paces:</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">1)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Placement - Cash is introduced into the financial system by some means </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">2)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Laying - Involves carrying out complex financial transactions in order to camouflage the illegal source </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">3)<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Integration - Entails acquiring wealth generated from the transactions of the illicit funds </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Making money is an aim of most of Criminal acts. It affects both directly and indirectly. So most organized criminal groups make sure to launder this money to prevent it being associated with criminal activities. Cash is what those Criminal organizations get last and it’s a considerable risk to Criminals. Cash is also bulky and cumbersome to handle in large quantities. When cash enters the legitimate economy, it is particularly vulnerable to identification and law enforcement intervention. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">To avoid this, those organizations buy assets, or else they change locations including going abroad. Also use that cash to try and introduce it into the legitimate economy through businesses with a high cash turnover.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">This is what has happened with British banking giant HSBC recently as the case ended up HSBC Holdings PLC agreed to pay a record $1.92 billion in fines to U.S. authorities. The bank violated federal laws by laundering money from Mexican drug trafficking and processing banned transactions on behalf of Iran, Libya, Sudan and Burma.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">In the end, HSBC Holdings HSBC Holdings PLC admitted for having poor money laundering controls and apologized.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">"<i>We accept responsibility for our past mistakes. We have said we are profoundly sorry for them, and we do so again. The HSBC of today is a fundamentally different organization from the one that made those mistakes</i>" HSBC Chief Executive Stuart Gulliver said.</span></div>
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<u><span style="font-size: large;">Reference</span></u></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">BBC: HSBC to pay $1.9bn in US money laundering penalties <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-20673466" target="_blank">http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-20673466 </a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">BBC: HSBC money laundering report: Key findings <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-18880269">http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-18880269</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">USA Today: HSBC will pay $1.9 billion for money laundering <a href="http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2012/12/11/hsbc-laundering-probe/1760351/">http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2012/12/11/hsbc-laundering-probe/1760351/</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">SOCA: Serious Organized Crime Agency <a href="http://www.soca.gov.uk/threats/money-laundering">http://www.soca.gov.uk/threats/money-laundering</a></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.unodc.org/images/money-laundering/money_laundering_scheme_big.jpg"><span style="font-size: large;">http://www.unodc.org/images/money-laundering/money_laundering_scheme_big.jpg</span></a></div>
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Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-63749154514333197432013-01-16T19:47:00.001-08:002013-01-16T19:47:54.671-08:00අතීන්ද්රීය ඥානය <br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">අධිමානසික සිද්ධීන් වර්ග 2කට බෙදා වෙන කල හැක. එනම් මානසික හා භෞතික වශයෙනි. මානසික අංශය Extra Sensory Perception (ESP) ලෙස හඳුන්වයි</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">පංච ඉන්ද්රේන්යන්ගෙන් තොරව පිටත සිදුවන සිදුවීම් දැනගැනීමට ESP යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන එම අතීන්ද්රීය ඥාණයේ අංශ 3කි.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"> දිවැස - Clairvoyance<br /> පරසිත් දන්නා ඥානය - Telepathy<br /> අනාග</span><span style="font-size: large; text-align: justify;">ත</span><span style="font-size: large;"> ඥානය - Precognition</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">පරිසරය පිළිබඳව පංච ඉන්ද්රියන් මඟින් ලබා ගන්න දැනුම නොහොත් සංනිවේදනයට වඩා අධිමානසික සංවේදනය ඍජු මාවතක් වේ. </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">කෙසේ </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">වෙතත්, අධි මානසික ශක්තීන් විද්යාගාර පරීක්ෂණ වලින් හෙළි දක්වා තිබුනද එය ක්රියාකාරී වන්නේ කෙසේද යන්න තවමත් බැරෑරුම් ප්රශ්නයක්ව පවතී.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">ලොව පිළිබඳ දැනුම අප ලබා ගන්නේ පංච ඉන්ද්රියන් මත විශ්වාසය තබා ගනිමිනි.අපේ පංච ඉන්ද්රියට ස්වභාව ධර්මය </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">හරියටම</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> අහු වෙනවාද? නිසදුනක් වශයෙන් තත්පරයට කම්පන 16 000 ඉහල සංඛ්යාතයේ 'ශබ්ද' අපේ කණට නොඇසේ. සුනඛයන් හා වවුලන් වැනි අයට සතුනට ඊට ඉහළ සංඛ්යාත ඇසේ. වවුලනට 70 000ක් වැනි ඉහළ සංඛ්යාතයෙන් යුතු ශබ්ද වශයෙන් ඇසෙන බව පරීක්ෂණ අනුසාරයෙන් සොයා ගෙන ඇත.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">මෙසේම අපට පෙනීම ඇති වන්නේද අලෝක තරංග වල එක්තරා සංඛ්යාතයක් තුලදීය. රූපයක් වශයෙන් නොව උෂ්ණයක් වශයෙන් අපට සංවේදී වන දෙයක් බකමූණන් විශේෂයට ඇස් වලට පෙනේ. මේවා පිළිබඳව වැඩි විස්තර භෞතික විද්යා පොත් කියවා දත හැකිය.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">එබැවින් ලොව විනිශ්චය කිරීම පංච ඉන්ද්රියටම භාර කිරීම බුද්ධියෙන් පලා යෑමකි. එබැවින් අධි මානසික ශක්තීන් ගවේශණය කිරීමෙන් ලබා ගන්නා දැනුමද පංච ඉන්ද්රියන්ට සීමා වූ විද්යාව නව මඟකට යොමු කිරීමට උපකාර වෙනවා ඇත.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">1934 දී මහාචාර්ය ජේ.බී.රයින්(J.B. Rhine) විසින් Extrasensory Perception නමින් වසර ගණනාවක් තමා කල පර්යේෂණ අලලා ඉතා වටිනා ග්රන්ථයක් පල කලේය. වර්ෂ 28ක් මොහුගේ අධිමානසිකාගාරය ඇමරිකාවේ ඩියුක් විශ්ව විද්යාලයේ අංශයක්ව පැවතුනි.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">ඔහුගේ පරීක්ෂණ වලදී කාඩ් පත් ක්රමයක් හඳුන්වා දෙන ලදී. එය කාඩ්පත් 25කින් සමන්විතය. ඒවායේ ඇත්තේ සරල රේඛාමය රූප සටහන් 5කි. අද ඒවා ESP කාඩ් වශයෙන් හැඳිවෙන අතර එම කණ්ඩායමේ සිනිර්(Zenar ) නම් තැනැත්තෙක් එය සැකසූ බැවින් Zenar Cards වශයෙන් ද හඳුන්වයි.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">ඒවායේ ඇති සංඛේත නම්,</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-size: large;">වෘතය</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">තරංග රේඛා 3</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">සතරැස් කොටුව</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">එකතු කිරීමේ ලකුණ</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: large;">තරුව</span></li>
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<span style="font-size: large;">මේ එක් රූප සටහනකින් පහ බැගින් පිළියෙළ වූ විට කාඩ් 25කින් යුත් කට්ටලයක් සෑදේ. ESP වල ස්වාභාවය, මිනිස් සිතේ ස්වභාවය පිළිබඳව භෞතික න්යායන් සැකසීම, නවීන විද්යාව හා ESP මානසික විද්යාව විශ්ලේෂණය, මානව විද්යාව හා ESP, අධිමානසික විද්යාව පිළිබඳ මාර්ගෝපදේශනය වැනි බොහෝ මාතෘකා ඔස්සේ ලොව පුරා පර්යේෂණ සිදු වෙමින් පවතී.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">ESP ශක්තීන් වැඩි වශයෙන් බලපවත්නා විශේෂ පුද්ගලයින් සිටියද එම ශක්තීන් විටින් විට සාමාන්ය පුද්ගලයින් තුළද විද්යාමාන වන බව පෙනේ. උදාහරණයකින් මෙය බලමු. ඔබ ඔබේ නිවසේ පුටුවක නිදහසේ වාඩි වී සිටින විට හදිස්සියේ ඔබේ සිතට පරණ මිත්රයෙක් මතකට නැඟී එයි. වසර ගණනාවකින්වත් ඔබට ඔහු හමුවී හෝ, ඔහු ගැන ඇසීමට හෝ අවස්ථාවක් නොලැබුණි.නිකන් අහම්බෙන් මෙන් මතක් වීමක් පමණි. විනාඩි කීපයකට පසු එම මිතුරා ඔබේ දොරකඩ ලඟ පෙනී සිටිනු දැක "දැන් මතක් කලා විතරයි"කියනු ඇත. මෙවැනි අත්දැකීම් බොහෝ දෙනාට ඇත.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">මෙවැනි දෙයක් අහඹු දෙයක් යැයි සිතනවාට වඩා 6වෙනි ඉන්ද්රියක් ගැන සැක කිරීමට සාධාරණ හේතු දැන් සොයාගෙන ඇත.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">මෙසේ අපිට නොදැනෙන අයුරින් අපේ අධි මානසික ශක්තීන් ක්රියාත්මක විය හැක.කිසියම් කෙනෙකු හමුවීමට අපට යෑමට සිදුවූ අවස්ථාවක අපට නිකමට මෙන් ඔහුව අද මුණ නොගැසෙන බව දැනේ.ඇත්ත වශයෙන්ම අපට ඔහුව මුණ නොගැසී ආපසු ඒමට සිදුවේ.මෙබඳු දේවල් පවා අපට නොදැනී ක්රියාත්මක වන ESP ශක්තීන් විය හැක.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">සියළු අහඹු සිදුවීම් ESP සිද්ධීන් ලෙස වරදවා වටහා නොගත යුතුය.මේ නිසා අධිමානසික ශක්තීන් වල බලපෑම තෝරා බේරා ගැනීමට දුෂ්කර වී ඇත.අධිමානසික ශක්තීන් පරික්ෂා කිරීම සඳහා මාර්ගෝපදේශන යන හිසින් පර්යේෂණ පවා දියත් කර ඇත්තේ මේ නිසාය.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">පර්යේෂණ වලදී සොයාගත් වැදගත් දෙයක් වන්නේ ESP වල ඍණ ස්වභාවක්ද පවතින බවයි. එනම් කිසියම් හේතුවක් නිසා කිසි කරුණකදී නිවැරදි පිළිතුර වෙනුවට වැරදි පිළිතුර අපේ සිතට පහල වීමයි</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">මෙය පරීක්ෂණයකින් පැහැදිලි කරගත හැක.කාසියක් බිම හෙළමින් එය වැටෙන පැත්ත කඩදාසියක ලකුණු කරනු ලැබේ.සමහරවිට ඔබ සලකුණු කරන පැත්ත නොවැටී පිට පිටම දිගු වාර ගණනක් අනික් පැත්ත වැටෙන බව නිරීක්ෂණය කල හැක.මෙය ESP පරීක්ෂණ වලදී Gold Effect ලෙස හඳුන්වනු ලැබේ.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">පිට පිට බොහෝ වාර ගණනක් හරි පැත්ත කීමට හැකි අවස්ථාවල එය Sheep Effect ලෙස හැඳින්වේ. මෙය ESP පරීක්ෂණ වලදී සොයාගත් අපූරු සිදුවීමකි.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">කිසියම් වැඩ පිළිවෙලක් හරියන කොට දිගටම හරි යන්නේ වරදින විට දිගටම වරදින්නේත් මේ නිසා දැයි සැක කල හැක. ඔබ ගමනක් යනවිට බසය වරදියි, ඔබ ගිය රාජකාරිය ඉටු නොවේ, වෙනත් මඟකින් ඔබ එය ඉටු කර ගැනීමට යද්දී එයත් වරදී, ආපසු එනවිට තවත් කරදරයකි.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">තරඟ වල දිගටම දිනන අවස්ථාද,පරදින විට දිගටම පරදින අවස්ථාද එළබෙන බව බොහෝ අය දනිති</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">එහෙත් මෙවැනි සිදුවීම් සඳහා ESP මෙන්ම චිත්ත බලය (Psychokinesis - PK) බලපෑම්ද තිබෙන්නට ඇති ඉඩකඩ ගැන විද්යාඥයෝ විමසිලි වෙති. එනම් කිසියම් දෙයක් සිදු වෙන්නට කලින් ඒ විය හැකි දේ විය හැකි අන්දම අපේ සිතට අනාගත ඥාණයක් හැටියට අපට දැනෙනවාද එසේ නැතිනම් අපට එසේ සිතෙන නිසා සිතේ බලපෑමකින් අනාගතේ එසේ සිදුවීමට බලපෑමක් කලාද යන්න දැන් සංකීර්ණ ප්රශ්නයක් වී තිබේ. විශාල වාර ගණනාවක් දාදු කැට බිම පෙරළමින් පරීක්ෂණ සිදු කල අවස්ථාවල සම්භාවිතාත්මක අගය ඉක්වමින් සිතකට දාදු කැට උවමනා පැත්ත පෙරළිය හැකි බවටද දැන් සංඛ්යාත්මක තොරතුරු ලබා ගෙන තිබේ.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">එබැවින් අධිමානසිකව දැනුවත්ව හෝ නොදැනුවත්ව අන්තර් ජාලයක් සේ ක්රියා කරමින් සිතෙන් බාහිරයට බලපෑම් සිදු කරන බවට සාධක සොයා ගෙන ඇත.එබැවින් සිත හයවැනි ඉන්ද්රිය ලෙස තේරුම් ගන්නා අවස්ථාද ඇත.බුදු දහමෙහි ඉන්ද්රියන් 6ක් කියවෙන අතර සිත මනේන්ද්රීය වශයෙන් නම් කර ඇත.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">උපුටා ගැනීම: අධි මානසික විද්යාව Parapsychology - මඩවල උපාලි හිමි</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">පින්තූර: </span></div>
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<li><a href="http://polyglottutor.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/telepathy.jpg"><span style="font-size: large;">http://polyglottutor.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/telepathy.jpg</span></a></li>
<li><a href="http://cbswxrt2.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/rhine-institute-esp-testing.jpg?w=420" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: large;">http://cbswxrt2.files.wordpress.com/2011/01/rhine-institute-esp-testing.jpg?w=420 </span></a></li>
<li><a href="http://24.media.tumblr.com/dIiND0cmckxci5sloA9cBJLoo1_500.gif"><span style="font-size: large;">http://24.media.tumblr.com/dIiND0cmckxci5sloA9cBJLoo1_500.gif</span></a></li>
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<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><u>ප.ලි.</u></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">මීට සමගාමීව යන තවත් බ්ලොග් ලිපියක් මම දුටුවා. මෙන්න ඒ ලිපිය: <a href="http://sadaru-world.blogspot.com/2013/01/blog-post_16.html" target="_blank">පින් කැමැත්තෝ කියවා පින් ලැබ ගනිත්වා...... </a>- <b>දේව් ගේ අඩවිය</b></span></div>
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Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-80577528290628572632013-01-09T22:14:00.000-08:002013-07-07T19:28:07.048-07:00Hedging <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
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<span style="font-size: large;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcGD3pPubKGdYdIbOWe0mMnx21Tcqc_e30FJyF1QrnUE3JngZqDL3g4IVyvZYUz6oKyUTW-vNL1JNNsjzhM-mJ4OuWprZj6Qay4HAw0WemooSnHgE5eu7xaxZLGO6lpWVhT5uaZr_Mi-A/s1600/hedge600.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcGD3pPubKGdYdIbOWe0mMnx21Tcqc_e30FJyF1QrnUE3JngZqDL3g4IVyvZYUz6oKyUTW-vNL1JNNsjzhM-mJ4OuWprZj6Qay4HAw0WemooSnHgE5eu7xaxZLGO6lpWVhT5uaZr_Mi-A/s1600/hedge600.gif" height="266" width="400" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Hedging is a method that in practice to reduce the risk of loss caused by the price fluctuation. It consists of the purchase or sale of equal quantities of the same or very similar commodities in two different markets at approximately the same time, with the expectation that a future change in price in one market will be offset by an opposite change in the other market. Basically Hedging is a risk management strategy used in limiting or offsetting probability of loss from fluctuations in the prices of commodities, currencies, or securities. In effect, Hedging is a transfer of risk without buying insurance policies. Hedging is also common in the securities and foreign-exchange markets. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large; text-align: center;"><b><u>Advantages of Hedging</u></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Hedging using futures and options are very good short-term risk-minimizing strategy for long-term traders and investors.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Hedging tools can also be used for locking the profit.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">3.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Hedging enables traders to survive hard market periods.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">4.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Successful hedging gives the trader protection against commodity price changes, inflation, currency exchange rate changes, interest rate changes, etc.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">5.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Hedging can also save time as the long-term trader is not required to monitor/adjust his portfolio with daily market volatility.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">6.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Hedging using options provide the trader an opportunity to practice complex options trading strategies to maximize his return.</span></div>
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<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">Disadvantages of Hedging</span></u></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Hedging involves cost that can eat up the profit.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Risk and reward are often proportional to one other; thus reducing risk means reducing profits.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">3.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>For most short-term traders, e.g.: for a day trader, hedging is a difficult strategy to follow.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">4.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>If the market is performing well or moving sidewise, then hedging offer little benefits.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">5.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Trading of options or futures often demand higher account requirements like more capital or balance.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">6.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Hedging is a precise trading strategy and successful hedging requires good trading skills and experience.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Hedging is a familiar house hold term in Sri Lanka for quite a some time now. The Ceylon Petroleum Corporation entered into a hedging agreement with five local and international banks to buy crude oil at a capped price of $130 per barrel. The deal went sour when the oil prices fell below US$ 50 in the world market and CPC stood to lose nearly US$ 500 million. Supreme Court intervened and in November 2008 the Court ordered the CPC to suspend the controversial hedge payments to banks until a Central Bank probe into the matter is over.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">The three foreign banks, CITI Bank, Standard Chartered Bank and Deutsche Bank sought redress with the arbitration panel in Singapore and Commercial High Court in London. Case ended CPC losing a $60 million hedging case against Deutsche Bank after a U.S.-based arbitrator ruled in favor of the bank.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Times Online: Sri Lanka's CPC loses $60
mln hedging case vs Deutsche Bank <a href="http://www.sundaytimes.lk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=26390:sri-lankas-upr-sessions-open-in-un-geneva&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=547">http://www.sundaytimes.lk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=26390:sri-lankas-upr-sessions-open-in-un-geneva&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=547</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sri Lanka prepares to challenge the
ruling on hedging case against Deutsche Bank <a href="http://www.colombopage.com/archive_12A/Nov04_1352007696CH.php">http://www.colombopage.com/archive_12A/Nov04_1352007696CH.php</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-14399128011341277112012-11-26T07:47:00.001-08:002012-11-26T07:58:16.293-08:00A Dissertation - Female on Male Domestic Violence and their Effects on Relationship<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKciB7C3XA6Js4_5YEoLRIGyDWWOF4vuYsFeEGPn5kLA7yykoB26WerNYfaeGADvkCPkMbi5JX-e3WyDbFBswiqKfIp0zSBTZ0Qn7FiqJVahkvOe9qTWxybs8EszoUMbtQBFoxuvfg9GM/s1600/Female_violence.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKciB7C3XA6Js4_5YEoLRIGyDWWOF4vuYsFeEGPn5kLA7yykoB26WerNYfaeGADvkCPkMbi5JX-e3WyDbFBswiqKfIp0zSBTZ0Qn7FiqJVahkvOe9qTWxybs8EszoUMbtQBFoxuvfg9GM/s1600/Female_violence.jpg" height="320" width="320" /></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> Abstract<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">This
dissertation will discuss the issue and occurrence of Female-on-Male domestic
violence. The aim of the study is to discover whether male victims feel they
have been treated fairly and adequately by the public services such as the
police and social services. Also it is aimed that how male victims willing to
talk these matters publicly. There it is concern that two example pools from
Europe and Sri Lanka.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Introduction</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">This is an area which studies
worthwhile have to be conducted.
Personnel experiences in lot of exposure in the female abusing male which is a
quite common occurrence in the alien communities who reside in Europe Specially
Sri Lankan & other Asian communities. The contributory factor is addiction to Alcohol which had
become a hobby to the Males who do mostly Blue collar jobs which needs lo of
physical strength. Furthermore inadequate knowledge of language of the country
domiciled had worsened the situation. So when inquiry is held by security
social, therapist, police, judiciary etc. poor language skills & alcoholism
are major drawbacks for males.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> In the end children are
innocent victims of the situation which
they suffer in silence .I would like to quote 02 true incidents with the
permission of relevant parties which took place due to alcoholism. First
incident was a member of the Indian Sikh community kills by stabbing brutally his wife to death because of
rivalry(argument) he had with his mother in law about two decades ago even
after they had grown up children. Second incident Sri Lankan wife suspecting
his husband having an affair with her own sister who lives with them use her
children as a witness to get divorce from her husband who happened to be in
love for ten years before she got married. Strangely both are married from love
affairs had a very good family life. In both incidents both ladies were
very flaunt in the language (French) &
men were hard working alcoholics.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> The situation of a male victim is
further aggravated by the fact human rights laws takes more biased approach
towards male while situation of the female is who happen to be perpetuator more often get scot free.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> Methodology</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The dissertation will study itself will
aim to replicate the findings. Some theories of domestic Abuse will briefly be
discussed in order to gain an idea as to why women abuse their male partners.
The Study will be conducted using self-completion questionnaires and the
results from these will then be compared with the literature already conducted
on female-on-male domestic abuse to see if they are Supportive of one another.
The dissertation will conclude with some recommendations for further
improvement of the public services and how they treat male victims of abuse.
The recommendations will be from both the researcher and the respondents of the
research. The dissertation will conclude with some recommendations for further
improvement of the public Services and
how they treat male victims of abuse. The recommendations will be from both the
researcher and the respondents of the
research.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Research
Design<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">This research will take form, similarly
to the survey conducted by The Mankind Initiative. Questions are focused mainly
on the provisions available to male victims of domestic abuse. This research
will aim to discover what the victims’ treatment was from the public services
and their views of the Provisions available. As much of the literature review
has found, there aren’t many provisions for men and they are often treated
inadequately by the public services, especially the police. This research
proposes that male victims do not receive satisfactory aid from the public
services and this is what the research hopes to prove true. Similarly to the
Mankind survey, this piece of research will consist of both qualitative and
quantitative data.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Due to the nature of the research and
the time scale and funding available to the researcher, the research will be
conducted using solely questionnaires. This is because it will be quick and
easy to gain a response, and as interviews can be time consuming, participants
may be more inclined to answer questions in the form of a questionnaire. Also,
as the nature of the research is sensitive, many participants would benefit
from a questionnaire as it can give them full anonymity. The research will be
conducted via e-mail through the Men’s Aid website.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Design Sampling<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The sampling method that will be used in
the research is snowballing. This is mainly due to the way in which the
research will be conducted, via email or websites. The reason for this is
because it is the Easiest, most effective way to gain a study population, and
as the research topic is sensitive, Snowballing is an ideal sampling method.
“Snowball sampling is a form of convenience sample…with this approach to
sampling; the Researcher makes initial contact with a small group of people who
are relevant to the research Topic and then uses these to establish contacts
with others.”(Bryman, A. 2001) If the researcher were to use random sampling by
asking passersby in the street, it is unlikely that many would agree to
participate or even to answer the questions honestly. To start the sample
population, the researcher will email some of the website members to ask if
they would be willing to Participate. This will be done randomly to members of
the websites. Once the researcher has gained the first participants of the
sample, it will then be possible to ask if they would be willing to introduce
more people to the research. As the participants already involved are a member
of a website relating to the research, it is likely that they will know people
from similar situations who would also be willing to participate. There are,
however, some problems with snowball sampling “It is very unlikely that the sample
will be representative of the population [and this] may be problematic in some Circumstances.”
(Ibid: 2000) However, as this research is aimed specifically at male victims of
domestic abuse, snowballing is the ideal sampling method for this Research
method to conduct this research the questionnaire will be designed specifically
for male victims of domestic abuse. Due to the information gathered from other
sources it has been found that many male victims do not get treated fairly by
the public services. The questions will aim to discover how male victims were
treated by the public services, specifically the police, and if there are
enough provisions, such as hostels, for male victims of domestic abuse. The
questionnaires will self-completion questionnaires and will be sent to
participants via the charity website Men’s Aid, this is a civil rights
organization charity for men which also helps male victims of domestic abuse.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Discussion<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The literature review section of the
dissertation will look at some different themes which were discovered within
the literature. The first of which is the stereotype of domestic abuse. This
will focus mainly on the study conducted by Ann Grady (2002) female-on-male
domestic abuse: uncommon or ignored? The following section will discuss the
occurrence of domestic abuse against men, by looking at facts and figures found
within the literature. The third section will look at the reasons behind female
violence and will focus on Dr. Martin S. Fiebert’s work of women who initiate
assaults on their partners. The final two sections are most relevant to the
study and look at the help available for male victims and the support they
receive from public services. Domestic Abuse Stereotype from researching
domestic abuse it is evident that the stereotypes of victims are that of women
being abused by their male partners. This is apparent from the websites
available showing support services for victims of domestic abuse. There are
only two charities in England and Wales which are for men specifically who help
with male victims of domestic abuse. As the stereotype is that of female
victims, there is not much academic research specifically aimed at male
victims, and for this reason, this piece of research will focus on the male
victims of domestic abuse. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">It is first necessary to look at the
reasons that women and not men are considered the victims of domestic abuse.
The best place to start is the research conducted by Ann Grady; this is the
only piece of academic research the researcher found which focuses solely on
male victims of domestic abuse. Grady discusses in great detail the reasons why
feminism has resulted in the stereotype of the domestic violence victim being
female. She discusses the basic principles of the feminist study as regarding
the gendered structure of society as the cause of female oppression, and
states: “It is thus evident that core feminist principles are seen to have
specific application to domestic violence research. Feminists view the gendered
structure of society as an instrumental facilitator ofviolence against women.
Men are the holders of public and private power, which creates a subordinate
underclass of women. By holding this power they exercise ‘social control’ over
women, which at its extreme is expressed using violence, especially within the
home.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">(Grady,
2002) As the feminist perspective on domestic abuse has been so strong in
recent years this has therefore meant that male victims have subsequently been
deselected from any sample groups and “accordingly, one can assert that the
feminist analysis of domestic violence is gender-biased, and its findings will
reflect such a bias.” (Ibid, 2000) Grady discuses other writers research which
has left out the occurrence of the male victim, she states that many
researchers do this due to past research which shows women are the majority of
victims but she also says that “Some writers do not even bother to justify
their subject group, clearly implying they see domestic violence to be a female
issue.” (Ibid, 2000) Grady, however does say that there is an exception to this
and that is the research of analyzed police records, as these are measured in a
more quantitative fashion, it shows a more rounded picture of the extent of
domestic violence. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">However one problem with this is that
many male victims don’t report their abuse to police due to the stigma
attached. Although this will be discussed in more detail further on, it implies
that police records may not be as reliable as originally thought due to the
lack of reporting by male victims. Grady concludes her criticisms of the
feminist method by stating: “This stereotype perpetuates a social perception of
domestic violence as an offence committed by men against women. The application
of this stereotype is at its greatest within domestic violence response
agencies, as they have been most directly informed by the feminist analyses of
domestic violence. Indeed, the majority, such as refuges and help lines, have
been established as a direct result of the need to support ‘battered women’
identified within research.” (Ibid, 2000) Similarly to Grady, the researcher
has also found that in academic textbooks and research, the male victim is not
mentioned at all. For example in the text book Criminology by Stephen Jones,
there is a chapter about violent and aggressive offences, in which there is a
sub-chapter about spouse or partner abuse. From the title ‘spouse or partner
abuse’ it would seem that the content would be gender neutral but it is not,
and discusses the feminist view briefly. “In Britain, violence in the home is
generally referred to as domestic violence; although some feminist writers
argue that the term ‘domestic’ is misleading, as it implies that the private
nature of the abuse is more important than its gendered nature.” (Jones, 2006)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">This suggests that Jones agrees with the
stereotype of domestic abuse to be about gender and this is supported by the
fact that he doesn’t discuss male victims in his chapter on violent offences. The
article by David Hughes found on the ‘Manorma’ website, also supports the view
of Grady where feminism has played a part in the stereotypical view of the
domestic violence victim. Hughes discusses the case of Erin Pizzey the feminist
who opened the first women’s refuge in 1971. Pizzey wrote a book Prone to
Violence, which was censored in England for over 20 years due to the opinions
expressed in it. In Pizzey’s book she claimed, “Of the first 100 women who
entered the refuge, 64 of them were as violent, or more violent, than the men
they were allegedly running away from.” (Hughes, 2005) As Pizzey was a feminist
herself, she faced problems from fellow feminists for discussing the equal
culpability between men and women with the issue of domestic abuse, and this
was not well received by other feminists, hence the censorship of Prone to
Violence. The stereotype of domestic
violence victims being female is also exacerbated by media influences. The
media will often run stories about female victims, and campaigns such as the
recent campaign by women’s aid, will only focus on female victims. The recent
campaign uses “famous female faces, made up to show the physical effects of
domestic violence” This is a very effective campaign because it dramatically
shows the physical marks domestic abuse can cause, and it is depicted on
celebrity faces that the public like and can relate to. The problem is, it only
depicts women, and this will encourage the public to still consider the stereotypical
view that women are the only victims of domestic abuse. Such charities, which
help female victims of domestic abuse, also dominate the awareness of domestic
abuse. Not only do they launch television campaigns such as the one mentioned
above, but they also provide help for female victims, and these to be very
widely publicized. There are posters and leaflets in police stations and other
public places such as libraries, in which there are few to raise awareness of
male victims of domestic abuse. The researcher found a leaflet; in a local
library which was publicizing “Wirral’s only dedicated domestic abuse drop-in center”
through reading the leaflet, the researcher found that it gave a definition of
domestic abuse. It states: ”Domestic Abuse refers to the physical, emotional,
sexual, financial or social abuse of one person by someone they know.” The
researcher thought this was a good and relevant definition, as it didn’t
discriminate against gender. However reading on it says:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“It
can affect anyone regardless of age, class, social stats, education, ethnicity,
or sexual orientation.” This seems to include anyone except different sexes; it
doesn’t state that men also can be the victims of domestic abuse. As there are
few leaflets such as this one to help male victims of domestic abuse, it can
leave them feeling more alone and like they have no one to turn to for support
and assistance.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Many male victims of domestic abuse
don’t realize they are victims again due to the stereotype as they also believe
that women are the only victims of this form of abuse. The researcher did find
one leaflet which is specifically designed for male victims of domestic abuse;
however this was taken from the Men’s Aid website and not found in a public
place like the previous one. It gives good advice to men who are suffering effects
of domestic abuse, including some practical advice and the Men’s Aid help line
number. This leaflet would provide very useful for men who are victims of
domestic abuse; however it would be more useful if the leaflet was more widely
available in public places such as police stations and doctor’s surgery’s etc.
Many of the news articles used for this research also support the view that
domestic violence is a crime of men against women, not the other way around.
For example two articles began by giving information about the domestic abuse,
which was suffered. They then later continued to state that the abused was in
fact a man. One of the articles was written by a male victim of domestic abuse,
Daniel Hoste (Daniel Hoste is a pseudonym). Hoste Creates a picture of the
abuse suffered, describing being punched and strangled, for the simple reason
of leaving a door open. Then Hoste asks the reader to imagine that the attacker
was not a stranger but in fact someone who you love. In the second paragraph
Hoste says: “The emotional abuse was much worse: the physical marks have
healed; my mental scars will never go away. The other thing worth mentioning is
that I’m a man.” (Hoste, 2002) This is done by the writer to shock the reader,
by playing up to the stereotype that domestic abuse only happens to women. It
begins by getting the emotions of the reader aroused and then shocks them by
announcing his sex. This seems to make the article seem much worse as the
language and descriptions are graphic, as a reader you picture a woman writing
it and experiencing it.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Similarly to the article by Hosted,
another article found on the Canada.com website starts describing the abuse
before naming the victim as a man. “Terry is like any other spouse who has
suffered physical abuse at a partner’s hands. The shame, the stigma, the
sticking it out in the hopes that things will change – all of these are part of
Terry’s experience…Terry is not his real name. Yes, you just read a masculine
pronoun.” (Hatherly, 2006) Again this has been done to shock the reader, as the
stereotypical view is that the woman is the victim of domestic abuse. Not only
is there a stereotype that women are the victims of domestic abuse, not men.
There is also a stereotype that male victims are small, weedy men who are
unable to protect themselves. However from the research conducted, this is not
necessarily the case, in a lot of cases this is in fact the opposite. A lot of
physically strong men, that society wouldn’t expect to be victims, in fact are.
News articles from BBC London, discuss the case of one man, George Rolph, who
was on the receiving end of domestic abuse. The article begins by describing
George as “6ft 4in. He weighs in at 14 stone and is a trained karate
instructor.” (bbc.co.uk) this shows that the common misconception that male
victims are week is untrue, however as it is a news article; this could just be
used to grab the public’s attention. Although this isn’t the only article where
the physical attributes of both partners are discussed. For example, the
article discussed previously written by Daniel Hosted describes how he is 6ft
1” and his abuser was a petite 5ft 4”. The physical attributes of those
involved are also found in the article from New Magazines. This article is from
the perspective of a female abuser, and is about a woman Sarah Jordan, who
abused two of her husbands. In this article, Jordan states, “Both my first and
third Husbands were over 6ft tall, and towered over my 5ft-5in frame.” (Jordan,
2006)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The study conducted by Grady fits in
well with the perception that male victims are seen as small ‘Weedy men. In her
study, Grady interviewed police officers about domestic violence incidents.
Grady used non-gendered language, when discussing incidents, to see what the
police officers would intemperate the situation to be about. “The purpose of
the interviews was to identify, first, any explicit reliance upon a male-on
female stereotype.” (Grady, 2002) Grady
found from her research that the police rely upon the male-on-female stereotype
of domestic violence. As Grady found that most police officers rely on the
male-on-female stereotype, she called into question the validity of police
statistics as many of them were not going into occurrences open minded.
However, when officers where asked if they had encountered female-on-male
domestic abuse, Grady found that: “Ten of the 17 appeared to operate upon a
stereotype of female-on-male abuse…For instance P14 assumed that ‘a small
stature man, very thin and about seven stone, wet through, is your typical male
victim…A surprising aspect of this part of the interview was the humor that
some officers attached to the concept of female-on-male abuse. The immediate
reaction of two officers being asked
about male victims was to laugh.” (Ibid, 2000) Some of the comments Grady’s
participants said were completely the opposite of what the researcher found.
Many of the victims the researcher read about were not small men, but in fact
larger and physically stronger than the female who was abusing them. Grady’s
comments on stereotypes of domestic abuse seem apt to describe the stereotypes
the researcher has come across whilst researching domestic violence. “It
appears that a domestic violence stereotype exists in two forms: the stereotype
of male-on female abuse…and the disbelieving comedic stereotype of
female-on-male violence” (Ibid, 2000).Occurrence of domestic abuse against men.
There are conflicting facts and figures about the occurrence of domestic abuse
against men, but it has come to be known more recently that men and women are
equally capable of being the victims of violence at the hands of a partner. For
example an interview with Sarah Jordan, as mentioned previously, conducted on
ITV’s This Morning program; the presenter says that their own This Morning
survey found that 1 in 6 men are the victims of domestic abuse, and that also
30 men die a year as a result of domestic abuse. This is supported by an
article printed in The Independent which states that “1 in 6 men are victims of
domestic violence” (Verkaik, 2003) However, the article in New! Magazine states
that “according to the 2004 British Crime Survey, a fifth of all reported
domestic violence is against men.” (Jordan, 2006) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The facts in the different articles are
often conflicting and can be confusing in knowing the true extend of
female-on-male domestic abuse. However this could be due to the lack of academic
research in this area. The television documentary ‘Hidden Lives: Battered Men’
which was screened on channel 5, 30th October 2006, used some statistics from
the British Crime Survey to support the extent of violence committed by females
against their male partners. This documentary stated that 22 per cent of
domestic violence victims are men and that only 19 per cent of these report the
abuse they have suffered. Although this documentary gives some facts from a
reliable source it doesn’t give the full details of where the facts were taken
from, such as the date. A different article by the Daily Mail claims that men
are “at greatest risk of domestic violence” (McCullagh, 2006) and that more men
report domestic violence to their doctor. However dissimilarly to other
articles, this one states where the source has come from. The information in
this article was taken from a study conducted by Trinity College in Dublin,
where they found that “52 percent of men and 43 per cent of women attending
their family doctors have experienced domestic violence.” (Ibid, 2000) Probably
the most reliable source of information, which discusses the occurrence of domestic
violence, is study 191 conducted by the Home Office in 1999. This study has
been used for examples of violence in both the domestic abuse leaflet provided
by Men’s aid and in David Hughes’ article. This study looks at the findings
from the British Crime survey. Its main findings were that: “4.2% of women and
4.2% of men said they had been physically assaulted by a current or former
partner in the past year.” (Mirrlees-Black, 1999: vii) This would seem most
accurate as the British crime survey includes crimes, which haven’t been reported
or recorded, and many domestic crimes often go unreported. It also shows that
the crime of domestic violence doesn’t discriminate against gender.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Basically this case
study was done using cases we found on Europe and Sri Lanka. This was given to
few Sri Lankans so as to get the survey done. It’s noticed that most of them
been embarrassed to give their comments on the matter. Unlike in Europe
countries Asian countries, male has role in a family and female also has a
significant role in a family. So it is noticed that people rarely open to talk
their family matters in public. Even they like to talk about it, we understood
that they fear about the society thought this survey was fully confidential.
Out of the people willing to take part in the survey, we barely managed to get
full answers for all the questions. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Reference<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Books<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Bryman,
A. (2004) Social Research Methods: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">2<sup>nd</sup> Ed. Oxford, Oxford University Press<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Bryman,
A. & Cramer, D. (1997) Quantitative Data Analysis with SPSS for Windows:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> A guide for social scientists. London,
Routledge<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Researches<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Fitzgerald,
S. & Hoolahan, S. (2003) Domestic Abuse Survey of Male Victims &
Proposals for Service Provision. The Mankind Initiative<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Weatherly,
J. (1997) Confronting Male Violence and Constructing Masculinity: A Case Study
of the Merseyside Development Unit. Liverpool John Moores University<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Web
Articles<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Corry,
C. E., Fiebert, M., S. & Pizzey, E. (2002) Controlling Domestic Violence
Against Men. Found at http://www.ejfi.org/DV/dv-6.htm<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Hoff,
B. H. (1999) Why women assault: Review of Fiebert & Gonzalez, College women
Who Initiate assaults on their Male Partners and the Reasons Offered for Such
Behaviour. Menweb on-line journal (ISSN: 1095-5240 </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">http://www/menweb.org/fiebetg.htm</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Hughes,
D. Domestic Violence Against Men. Found at<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">http://homepage.ntlworld.com/verismo/dv.againstmen.html<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ITV
(‘This Morning’) Domestic Violence and male victims. Found at:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">http://www.parents4protest.co.uk/media/itvthismorning_maledv.wmv<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 2.5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b>
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></b>
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Appendix<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Appendix
1 <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Questionnaire
and answers<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">1)
Have you ever been the victim of domestic abuse?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Yes
No <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">2)
Was this abuse (please mark boxes relevant)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Physical
Mental Financial Sexual Other<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">3)
Was the perpetrator your female partner?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Yes
No<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">4)
How long did the abuse last for?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><
3months 3 months- 1-5 yrs 5-10 yrs 10+ yrs<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">1
yr<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">5)
Did you report the abuse to anyone?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Friend
Family Doctor Social Police Services Samaritans Men’s Aid Other please state<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">6)
If you reported the police to police or social services did they believe you?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Yes
No Unsure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">7)
If you reported the abuse to police or social services how did they treat you?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“As
a joke”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“At
first, no help. No apology re: police. Later the police were very considerate
and did help me. I had no help from social services.” “With ridicule – ‘why
don’t you learn to duck’ – ‘what are you, a man or a mouse-squeak up?’ ‘What
did YOU do to HER’?”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Very
Badly”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Not
very well”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Was
not interested at all. However I made the mistake of retaliating on one
occasion after years of abuse. I called the police and I was arrested and
charged.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“The
police initially were aware that she regularly changed her stories and warned
me, but that was in Spain in the UK the police refused to do anything. Social
services stated that they knew of the abuse but now that we no longer live
together there is less risk of the children witnessing it. The judge said I
must have done something to deserve it.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">8)
Did the police or social services take action upon the perpetrator? (if yes
give details)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> Yes No Unsure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">9)
Were you satisfied with the action taken?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Yes
No Unsure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">10)
Were you ever assumed (by police or social services) to be the perpetrator?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Yes
No Unsure<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">11)
Did you have to leave the family home?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Yes
No<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">12)
If you and your partner had children, where did they reside?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“With
her, by court order”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Shared
care -70% with mother, 30% with me after splitting”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“In
the family home”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Her
children in the same house, and were the cause of much of the hostility”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“With
her, though she always displayed violence”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Young
children stayed with her”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“With
my partner”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“The
children live with the mother and I have been denied all contact since 1999”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">13)
If yes to q 11, where did you go? (Please state)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“My
brother 2 years, then small flat”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Into
lodgings”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Friend’s
house – no other help available”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Family”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Slept
in car for two weeks, until rented flat became available”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Bed
sit”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">14)
Was there any help from social services/ charity etc to find you a hostel?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Yes
No<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">15)
Was your case investigated/ prosecuted? (Please give details)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Yes”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“No”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Absolutely
not”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">16)
Do you think there are enough services available to male victims of domestic
abuse?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Yes
No Don’t Know<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">18)
Do you think there is enough publicity about domestic abuse against men?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Yes
No Don’t Know<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">19)
If not, what more could be done?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“More
help for men victims”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“There
should be equal media attention given to male victims & children victims of
female<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Perpetrators.
The same goes for newspapers. But the silence (re: male victims & child) is
deafening.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> “At least give equality to men’s problems and
provide equality of services to those made available to Women”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Nationwide
campaign”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Tell
the truth about the 50-50 split in domestic abuse rates and the fact more women
harm children than men.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">If
you have any other comments as to your treatment by the Criminal Justice system
or how it could be improved please give details below.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Equal
support / protection / duty of care to all victims of DA / DV / False
allegations / PAS. This is a victim issue – not a gender issue”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“The
system does not accept that women can be violent”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“To
be investigated the same way as if it was a female victim”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Make
it common knowledge what constitutes domestic violence, take the stigma out of
men reporting cases of domestic violence, and treat men and women equally.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Prosecute
charities that spread non-truthful statements and statistics on domestic
violence, and fund men’s help lines and refuges.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Remove
the thought that children automatically go with the mother and make shared
parenting the norm, so the children benefit from both parents.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Make
divorce financial settlements fairer so if possible both parents have a chance
of affording to have a home for their children.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">“Along
with the police investigations and other state agencies an allegation should
always be treated as such and therefore evidence sought.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Thank
you for taking part in my survey. All information given will be kept
confidential and no names or aliases will be disclosed. The information in the
questionnaire above will be solely for statistical research for the purpose of
our dissertation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Thank
you again for your help. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">1
yes 1234 yes 1yr-5yrs 123567 no no yes yes no no<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">2
yes 124 yes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">5yrs-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">10yrs
457 no no unsure yes no no<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">3
yes 1234 yes 1yr-5yrs 123456 no no yes yes no no<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">4
yes 25 yes 1yr-5yrs 156 no yes yes yes no yes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">5
yes 12345 yes 10+yrs 13568 no no unsure yes no no<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">6
yes 25 yes 3mth-1yr 128 0 0 0 no 0 no<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">7
yes 123 yes 3mth-1yr 15 no no no yes no no<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">8
yes 123 yes 1yr-5yrs 123458 yes no yes no no<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">9
yes 12 yes 10+yrs 125 no no yes yes no no<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">10
yes 1234 yes 1yr-5yrs 123457 unsure no yes yes no no<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">11
yes 24 yes 3mth-1yr 2456 unsure no unsure no no no<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">12
yes 12 yes 1yr-5yrs 237 0 0 0 yes 0 no<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">13
yes 1234 yes 1yr-5yrs 25 unsure no unsure yes 0 no<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">14
yes 12 yes 1yr-5yrs 123458 no no yes yes no no<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">15
yes 124 yes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">5yrs-10yrs
257 unsure no unsure yes no no<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Abuse
column, numbers represent as follows: 1= physical, 2= mental, 3= financial, 4=
sexual, 5= other<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Report
column, numbers represent as follows: 1= friend, 2= family, 3= doctor, 4=
social services, 5=police, 6= Samaritans, 7= Men’s Aid,8= Other<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Physical
Mental Financial Sexual Other12 15 7 8 3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Length
<3mnths 3mnth-1yr 1-5yrs 5-10yrs 10+yrs 0 3 8 2 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Friend
Family Doctor Social Services Police Samaritans Men's Aid Other 10 11 7 6 12 5
5 4<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Belief
Yes No Unsure N/A 1 8 4 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Satisfied
Yes No Unsure N/A 1 12 0 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Assumed
Yes No Unsure N/A 7 1 5 2<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Leave
Home Yes No 12 3<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Services
Yes No Don’t Know N/A 1 13 0 1<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Publicity
Yes No Don’t Know 4 11 0<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Reported
12 Satisfied 0 Not Satisfied 12<o:p></o:p></span></div>
Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com13tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-70957426681258435382012-10-25T09:47:00.000-07:002013-03-29T02:24:32.677-07:00Simple Shell<br />
#include <stdio.h><br />
#include <stdlib.h><br />
#include <unistd.h><br />
#include <string.h><br />
#include <sys/types.h><br />
#include <signal.h><br />
#include <link.h><br />
#include <sys/wait.h><br />
#include <errno.h><br />
#include <myPipe.h><br />
#include <tokenize.h><br />
#include <myCD.h><br />
<br />
<br />
int main(){<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>char input_line[256]; //input line<br />
char *command[100]; <br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> while (1) { //print consegatively the shell until the user press "exit"<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//char *path[100];<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//getcwd(path, 100);<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//printf("\n[MY_SHELL ] %s ", path);<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>printf("\n[MY_SHELL ]");<br />
fgets(input_line,sizeof(input_line),stdin);<br />
input_line[strlen(input_line)-1] = '\0'; <br />
<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//if user wants to exit from the current shell<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>if(strstr(input_line,"exit")!=NULL) {<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>exit(0); //exit from the shell<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<br />
<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//if user wants to direct to another directory<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>else if(strstr( input_line,"cd")!=NULL) //if user uses "cd" command to change the directory<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>{<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>myCD(input_line);//run myCD method<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>else if(strstr( input_line,"$PATH")!=NULL){<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>printf("path: %s \n",getenv("PATH"));<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//if user asks for pipe function<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>else if(strstr(input_line,"|")!=NULL){<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>myPipe(input_line);//run pipe method<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>else{<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>tokenize(input_line, command);<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//use the execvp function to run the process i.e the user's command<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>if(!fork()){<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>if (execvp(command[0],command) == -1)<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>{<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>printf("Command not found\n");<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> }else{<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>wait(NULL);<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<br />
}<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> return 0;<br />
<br />
}<br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: x-large;"><u>myPipe</u></span></b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b></b><br />
<br />
void myPipe(char *input_line){<br />
<br />
int temp;<br />
int index=0;<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>for(temp = 0; temp < strlen(input_line); temp++){<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>if(input_line[temp] == '|'){<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>index=temp;<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>break;<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>char one[128];<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>char two[128];<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>int len=strlen(input_line);<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>strncpy(one, input_line, index);<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>one[index] = '\0';<br />
<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//Copying two characters from the middle of string S to D:<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//strncpy(two, &string[5], 2);<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>strncpy(two, &input_line[index+1], (len-index+1));<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>two[len-index-1] = '\0';<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>int pfds[2];<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>pipe(pfds);<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>if (!fork()) {<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>close(1); /* close normal stdout */<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>dup(pfds[1]); /* make stdout same as pfds[1] */<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>close(pfds[0]); /* we don't need this */<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>execlp(one,one , NULL);<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>else {<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>close(0); /* close normal stdin */<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>dup(pfds[0]); /* make stdin same as pfds[0] */<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>close(pfds[1]); /* we don't need this */<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>execlp(two,two , NULL);<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span><br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<br />
<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}<br />
<div style="font-size: xx-large;">
<b><br /></b></div>
<div>
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b><u>tokenize</u></b></span></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
void tokenize(char *input_line, char **z)</div>
<div>
{ </div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>int x = 0;<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//used to continue through the array</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>int a = 0;</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>char *tray[100];<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//to keep elements that are tokanized</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>tray[a] = strtok(input_line, " "); //get pointer to first token and store in 0 place in array</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> </div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>while(tray[a]!= NULL){ //make sure a pointer is found</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> a++;</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> tray[a] = strtok(NULL, " ");<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//continue to tokenize the string</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>for(x = 0; x< a; x++){<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//for loop to assign tokenz in to an array</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>z[x] = tray[x];</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>} <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> z[a] = NULL;</div>
<div>
}</div>
<div style="text-decoration: underline;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div style="text-decoration: underline;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-decoration: underline;">
<b><span style="font-size: x-large;">myCD</span></b></div>
<div style="text-decoration: underline;">
<b><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
char *cdir[100]; </div>
<div>
int dec;</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
void myCD(char *input_line){</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//create a char pointer array to be passed to the chdir function</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//tokenize the command enter by user</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> tokenize(input_line, cdir);</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>//pass the first element of the pointer arrat to the chdir function</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> dec=chdir(cdir[1]);</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> if(dec==-1){</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>printf("No such file or directory\n");//continue;</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}</div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span> <span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span></div>
<div>
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>}</div>
</div>
<br />
<br />
<u>PS</u><br />
myPipe, tokenize and myCD included as header files. If someone wants to make use of this code, save them in separate 3 files and run the main code<br />
<u><br /></u>
<u><br /></u>Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-30642423120884117632012-10-10T05:58:00.000-07:002013-02-07T20:09:10.596-08:00කුණ්ඩලීනී බලය <span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi14rFKVjmnOpWXQxQqdjx3WOpCvgiagwcnI0S_PQe7c-OEkqBZYqBqu0DWfQpjPHwK9SoOLOl0hTkRNU907udG_4FWE8xJMPDgaVPxZrm_tVLDm3Nn0tDZpHkL1j8m0l7OeP-lBlDeHZc/s1600/awaken-mother-kundalini.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi14rFKVjmnOpWXQxQqdjx3WOpCvgiagwcnI0S_PQe7c-OEkqBZYqBqu0DWfQpjPHwK9SoOLOl0hTkRNU907udG_4FWE8xJMPDgaVPxZrm_tVLDm3Nn0tDZpHkL1j8m0l7OeP-lBlDeHZc/s320/awaken-mother-kundalini.jpg" height="320" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">මේක ගැන ගොඩක් කතාවෙනවා දැකලා තිබ්බට හිතුනා මේ ගැන ගොඩක් කට්ටිය දන්නෙ නැතිව ඇති කියලා.ඒක නිසා මේ ගැන පොඩි විස්තරයක් කරන්න හිතුනා.</span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">කුණ්ඩලීනී බලය,එහෙමත් නැත්නම් ශක්තිය කියන්නේ සිරුරේ විශේෂිත ස්ථාන කීපයක් මත එක් රැස් වෙලාය කියලා තීන ශක්ති විශේෂයක්.මේක විස්තර වෙන්නෙ නම් හින්දු තාන්ත්රික යෝග විද්යාවේ ඒත් ටිබෙට්,චීන,ජපාන යෝග ක්රම වලත් මේක ඉතා ගැඹුරින් විස්තර වෙනවා. හින්දු ඉගැන්වීම් වලට අනුවනම් අපේ ශරීරයේ මේ වගේ මධ්යස්ථාන 7ක් විස්තර වෙනවා.</span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicSzLxTK0bD7M_j43C-xU8EjfwQCSO1uoeJhcUB-t4p2aPklSlQoq5W5ic8TWqCAIyu597D1C5tj-eVyXqUZzWo3yHgUoqgKvgkfB3wWOFWJYpPUrDb5rscV3ymq6m0oY_Eh_l1p56Hbs/s1600/hatha-yoga.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicSzLxTK0bD7M_j43C-xU8EjfwQCSO1uoeJhcUB-t4p2aPklSlQoq5W5ic8TWqCAIyu597D1C5tj-eVyXqUZzWo3yHgUoqgKvgkfB3wWOFWJYpPUrDb5rscV3ymq6m0oY_Eh_l1p56Hbs/s320/hatha-yoga.jpg" height="320" width="255" /></span></a></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">1) මූලාධාර චක්රය - කොඳු ඇට පෙළ පතුළ</span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">2) ස්වාධිෂ්ඨාන චක්රය - ලිංගය පිටුපස</span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">3) මණිපුර චක්රය - නාභියට යටින්</span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">4) අනාහත චක්රය - හෘදය ආශ්රිත</span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">5) විසුද්ධ චක්රය - උගුර</span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">6) ආඥා චක්රය - දෙබැම</span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">7) සහස්රාර චක්රය - හිස් මුදුනට යටින්</span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;">යෝග අභ්යාස ප්රගුණ කිරීමෙන් මේ චක්ර පුබුදු කරවන්න පුළුවන්.ඒකට යෝග ක්රම ම භාවිතා වෙනවා කියන්න බෑ,තව මන්ත්ර,ශ්වසන අභ්යාස,භාවනා ක්රම මඟිනුත් මේ චක්ර පුබුදුවා ගන්න පුළුවන්.ඒ ඒ චක්ර වල සිත පිහිටුවල ඒ චක්ර පුබුදු කිරීම කරනවා,ඒ ඒ චක්රයට ආවේණික වර්ණත් තියෙනවා.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKI2s2CGBSkOwm4-W0ls8DIZD7flYpIOeuJU84DK23YpWlSZcQ7Y036p-mXkeXGww5hH7JRBtInQkAgfC_uXZHeba48rxDTgv17lhXV0T8r2pF0Rn0-TKgkZ6MDz90NREGgFCksWD0l4k/s1600/kundalini.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKI2s2CGBSkOwm4-W0ls8DIZD7flYpIOeuJU84DK23YpWlSZcQ7Y036p-mXkeXGww5hH7JRBtInQkAgfC_uXZHeba48rxDTgv17lhXV0T8r2pF0Rn0-TKgkZ6MDz90NREGgFCksWD0l4k/s320/kundalini.jpg" height="320" width="229" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">1) මූලාධාර චක්රය - රතු</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">2) ස්වාධිෂ්ඨාන චක්රය - තැඹිලි</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">3) මණිපුර චක්රය - කහ</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">4) අනාහත චක්රය - කොළ</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">5) විසුද්ධ චක්රය - නිල්</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">6) ආඥා චක්රය - ඉන්ඩිගෝ</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">7) සහස්රාර චක්රය - දම්</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">මේ බල අවධි කිරීම හින්දු යෝගාසන අභ්යාස වලින් පියවර 4කින් කරනවා.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">1) බල අවධි කිරීම</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">2) බලයට වැඩෙන්න හැරිම</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">3) බලය පාලනය</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">4) විශ්ව ශක්තිය සමඟ මුසු වීම</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">මේ එක එක චක්ර අවධි කිරීමෙන් ලැබෙන ප්රතිලාභ එකිනෙකට වෙනස් </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">1) මූලාධාර චක්රය - සියලු භාෂා දැනගත හැක,රෝගී නොවෙයි</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">2) ස්වාධිෂ්ඨාන චක්රය - සතුරන් දමනය කල හැක,හැඟීම් පාලනය කල හැක</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">3) මණිපුර චක්රය - මැවීමෙහි,විනාශ කිරීමෙහි බලය ලැබෙයි</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">4) අනාහත චක්රය - සිත සමාධිගත වෙයි,දිගුකල් ජීවත් වේ</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">5) විසුද්ධ චක්රය - කථන හැකියා දියුණු වෙයි,අහසට නැඟීමේ හැකියාව දියුණු වෙයි</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">6) ආඥා චක්රය - දුර දර්ශනය,මැවීම,විනාශ කිරීම හැකියා</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">7) සහස්රාර චක්රය - මනස පාලනය</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: arial;">මේක මම ආසා එක පැත්තක් නිසා මේ ගැන ලිපියක් ලියන්න හිතුනා.කලින් ලිව්ව ප්රායොගික මනෝවිද්යාව සම්බන්ධ ලිපි 2ක වගේම මේකත් සිංහලෙන්ම ලිව්වා.අනිත් මනෝවිද්යාව ගැන තීන ලිපි නම් මගේ ප්රොජෙක්ට්ස් වලට කරපුවා.සමහර ඒවනම් මගේ ඇඟේ අමාරුවට ලියපුවා.:P</span><span style="font-family: arial;">.නිකන් අප්ලෝඩ් කලා අනිත් අයටත් වැඩක් වෙයි කියලා හිතලා.වෙලාව තිබ්බොත් මේකට කරන්න පුළුවන් අභ්යාස කීපයක් විස්තර කරන්නත් හිතන් ඉන්නවා,ඒත් ඒවා වෙනම පෝස්ට් එකකින් දාන්න තමයි දැනට බලාපොරොරොත්තුව.</span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">PS</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">This topic is pretty much easy to sarcastically drop away or have a great fun out it as the arguments in favor of this topic is so brittle. But we can't say anything that doesn't exist since we don't see them and we don't believe in them. These things would have been toppled and won't be flourished for thousands of years unless they contain a sight truth. Problem is, these things are under sacrilege of scoundrels in modern world. Conglomerate of those ill factors lead this subject so alien to people. I'm neither a believer of these things nor I disbelieve these things. It's just for the sake of knowledge. :). Just felt to make a prior statement on this because of a comment I received for my previous post. Cheers!!!</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Photos : <a href="http://siddhaashram.net/kundalini_shaktipath.htm" target="_blank">http://siddhaashram.net/<wbr></wbr>kundalini_shaktipath.htm</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"> <a href="http://www.saisathyasai.com/chakras/kundalini-serpent-power.html" target="_blank">http://www.saisathyasai.com/<wbr></wbr>chakras/kundalini-serpent-<wbr></wbr>power.html</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"> <a href="http://www.kktanhp.com/kundalini.htm" target="_blank">http://www.kktanhp.com/<wbr></wbr>kundalini.htm</a></span></div>
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Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-14522946742421236292012-10-07T21:24:00.000-07:002013-02-07T20:09:38.924-08:00Motivation <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKnaAU7n7s2vRZE8zCSOSoiL7IYMIpM-_M04iVgDCSRj6j9FmmaC80g_l-crvrkNfRu8nxjUAyY3BeR92vq6QyLIEX8aG_p7NQegtbtEcQ7WUGzXISamCc1sp5wy3j_kJbj2-j4wy65mI/s1600/Motivation.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKnaAU7n7s2vRZE8zCSOSoiL7IYMIpM-_M04iVgDCSRj6j9FmmaC80g_l-crvrkNfRu8nxjUAyY3BeR92vq6QyLIEX8aG_p7NQegtbtEcQ7WUGzXISamCc1sp5wy3j_kJbj2-j4wy65mI/s320/Motivation.jpg" height="212" width="320" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large;">In many ways motivation
is central to the study of psychology. You and I are constantly engaged in
pur-poseful or goal-oriented behavior and underlying all such behavior are
motives. Motivational concepts allow us to account for the variability in behavior,
both in an individuals (Beck,1990)</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Motives arouse and
direct our behavior toward some goal. There are 3 major categories of motive. </span></div>
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<ul>
<li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Biological</span></li>
<li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Stimulus </span></li>
<li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Learned Social. </span></li>
</ul>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large;">The biological motives such as hunger, thirst, temperature
regulation and sex have a definite physiological basis. The stimulus motives,
such as sensory stimulation, exploration, curiosity, contact comfort and
competence cause us to seek us sensory stimulation through interaction with the
environment. They are internal and unlearned, but do not appear to have a
specific psychological basis. The learned social motives, such as achievement,
power and affiliation are determined largely by learning and focus on social
experiences.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Motivated behavior is
initiated and directed toward a goal and varies in intensity and persistence (Petri,
1991). Motivation, then can be thought of as the forces that initiate and
direct behavior and the variables that determine the intensity and persistence of
that behavior. The initiation of behavior can be prompted from within the
individual or the external environment. For example, we might be hungry because
of a low blood sugar level (internal cue) or because we saw a delicious looking
dessert (external cue). Motivation also provides direction for our behavior. For
example, when we hungry, we seek foods, rather than read our text book.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBBA-XJ94sHsqbnL9xa3jo24uxoEVugS55kWxW0RDgIiUwuAH8QR2QKSxSM32sSsJBQWVY1icOFrSFN72rjLcyNgpyGkJ9gqHyxtbHg9LegStlytY7z0decucJZwtv6UQGYwCCW-zqshE/s1600/mm.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBBA-XJ94sHsqbnL9xa3jo24uxoEVugS55kWxW0RDgIiUwuAH8QR2QKSxSM32sSsJBQWVY1icOFrSFN72rjLcyNgpyGkJ9gqHyxtbHg9LegStlytY7z0decucJZwtv6UQGYwCCW-zqshE/s320/mm.jpg" height="240" style="cursor: move;" width="320" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">Photo: </span><a href="http://positivepsychologynews.com/ppnd_wp/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/motivation-hierarchy3.jpg">http://positivepsychologynews.com/ppnd_wp/wp-content/uploads/2009/04/motivation-hierarchy3.jpg</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Lastly, motivation
determines the intensity and persistence of our behavior. Intensity is to do
with how strong the behavior is. For instance, if you are only a little hungry
you might eat if food is readily available. But if there is no food in the
immediate vicinity you would probably engage in some other behavior. On the
other hand, if you are extremely hungry, you would most likely to watch
something to eat, doing whatever to obtain your goal. How motivated we are will
likewise influence our persistence. Sometimes we will persist in obtaining a
goal for a long time. While at other times we will give up after a brief try.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Psychologists often
measure motivation by observing what individuals do (initiation), how they make
choices (direction), how strongly they engage in the behavior (intensity) and
how long they engage in it (persistence). Motivation is not observed directly,
but rather is inferred from the performance of subjects (Petri, 1991). For example
if person subjects a horror movie over romantic comedy, we infer the person is
meeting a need by doing so. Sometimes we can manipulate the level of motivation
in others, such as when researches temporary deprive animals of food to
increase their motivation to work for food. Parents might also motive their
children by manipulating the level of reward (Praise or Money) given to certain
behaviors.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large;"><u>Reference</u><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Beck, R.C (1990). Motivation:
Theories and Principles (3<sup>rd</sup> Edition). Eaglewood cliffs, NJ:
Prentice hall <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large;">Petri, H.L (1991).
Motivation: Theory and Research (3<sup>rd</sup> edition). Belmount, CA: Wadsworth <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Photo: <a href="http://www.yourmodernliving.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Motivation.jpg">http://www.yourmodernliving.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Motivation.jpg</a></span></div>
Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7791596817625597057.post-80778337365156732002012-10-06T07:21:00.001-07:002012-10-06T07:21:41.827-07:00Google In China - A case study<br />
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<b><u>Executive Summary</u></b></div>
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Form the year 2002 onwards, Internet giant Google went many hardships in China due to government’s censorship over internet. Apart from that Google’s China rival Baidu.com was behind the scene as they intended to grab the market share which hold by the Google.com</div>
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The purpose of this case study is to study and understand how such a multi-national company went wrong unable to understand the culture in a country.</div>
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The study highlights the impact that Google had to undergo during 2002-2010 period of time in China. As a result of the pressure that Google faced in China, ultimate decision was to pull out and established company’s search engine in Hong Kong as Google.com.hk. For not maintaining a good relationship with Chinese government let Google in a terrible position as they had to pull out from a well growing Chinese internet market, which was a huge blow in Google’s financial perspectives.</div>
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The analysis of Google in China have shown how inter personal relationships in businesses, especially in terms of China, affects the company’s profit, image and success. Understanding each country’s culture is a must and it immensely helps to provide a sound service towards its customers.</div>
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<b><u>Introduction</u></b></div>
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Google is an American multinational internet software corporation which was first incorporated on September 4, 1998 and the public offering followed on August 19, 2004. Google specialized in internet search, cloud computing and advertising technologies. Also Google owns the most popular video site YouTube. Google is the world’s largest search engine. It hosts and develops a number of internet-based services and generates profits from advertising by AdWords program, a system Google has developed to assist in marketing products or services.</div>
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The company founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, two Stanford graduate students. This program began as a college research project, which gain immense success later. The project was supposed to implement an innovative technology that would analyses webpages and retrieve the most pertinent information for any given query.</div>
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Google’s mission statement from the outset is “To organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful" and the company's unofficial slogan is "Don't be evil". Google’s unofficial slogan is said to recognize that large corporations often maximize short-term profits with actions that may not be in the best interests of the public. Supposedly, by instilling a Don't Be Evil culture, the corporation establishes a baseline for honest decision-making that disassociates Google from any and all cheating. This in turn enhances the trust and image of the corporation, which may outweigh short-term gains from violating the Don't Be Evil principles (Birch, 2010). </div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Web site <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Public<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Internet, Computer software<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Melno park, California, U.S
(September 4, 1998)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Sergey Brin, Larry Page<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Mount View, California, U.S<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">World wide<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">US$ 37.905 billion(2011)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">32467(2011)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Google.com<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> (Source: </span><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q/ks?s=GOOG"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">http://finance.yahoo.com/q/ks?s=GOOG</span></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><u>Case Background </u></b></div>
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Google launched the Google.com in China in the begging of 21st century, but that was operated from outside of China, California-USA. As from financial point of view, Google saw China as a dynamic and fast growing market despite of increasing competition. China’s internet market is about 105 million in 2006 which represented only 8% of the Chinese population (Kalathil,2003). According to Google’s 2006 projections Chinese internet market was expected to grow from 105 million users to 250 million users by 2010 (Google, 2006). The main advantage with this U.S.-based version of Google.com, company was able to control an estimated 25% of the Chinese search market by 2002 and to avoid Chinese government censorship completely. (Kalathil, 2003)</div>
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Current Chinese government functions under the leadership of Communist Party., who more keen on protecting the country’s government and political situation by out coming threats. Chinese Government takes any action at any cost to prevent those situations. This is done through various ways of rules. But the ultimate purpose is crystal clear, Government needs a smooth flow within country. </div>
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One of the government’s main concerns is the Internet. The Chinese state was able to block 90% of websites about the “Tiananmen massacre,” 31% of sites about independence movements in Tibet, and 82% of sites with a derogatory version of the name of former President Jiang Zemin. Chinese censorship was effective, though not total, and that information was available, though on a limited scale. (Human Rights Watch, 2006)</div>
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Chinese Ministry of Public Security is using a system call “Great Fire Wall” to block their citizens from seeing some overseas news reports and searching various words and pornography in search engines.</div>
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<u><b>The Great Fire Wall</b></u></div>
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The “Great fire wall” or The Golden Shield program was initiated in 1998 and began operations in 2003 (McLaughlin, 2006). It has been nicknamed the Great Firewall of China in reference to its role as a network firewall and to the ancient Great Wall of China. A major part of the project includes the ability to block content by preventing IP addresses from being routed through and consists of standard firewalls and proxy servers at the Internet gateways. The system also selectively engages in DNS cache poisoning when particular sites are requested. </div>
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The Stakeholders </div>
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In Chinese internet market Google’s major competitors Yahoo and MSN each had entered Chinese market as Internet Services Providers (ISP) earlier. In addition, Chinese search engine Baidu.com was the major competitor that Google.com faced in China.</div>
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As for the rules in the game, when a company, whether it is a Well-financed multi-national or a domestic corporation, they have to do it in the way Chinese government want. Otherwise company can take their business elsewhere. This factor hugely matters when establishing an early position in market dominance in China. Good favors with the government vital towards long-term profitability, means any businesses wishing to operate in China must do so with the blessings of the Communist Party, the ruling party known for its pervasive corruption and widespread human rights abuses. Yet China is a country where the term free market is still being defined and where the power of ‘Guanxi’ (informal personal connections), can place western notions of business ethics on shaky ground. (Kalathil, 2003)</div>
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<u><b>Case Issue</b></u></div>
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In the fall of 2002, this problem struck for Google. Suddenly, in early September, computer users in China could not access Google.com. The Chinese government had blocked access to the site. Users were diverted to rival Chinese search site, Baidu.com, the heavily censored Chinese search engine. Two weeks later, it again became possible to access Google.com, but government censorship had been heightened, making the search engine far slower and less reliable. Chinese users found that Google.com was down over 10% of the time; Google News was never available; and Google Images was available only 50% of the time. ( Lin, 2004)</div>
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Google Co-founder Sergey Brin and many technology professionals in China believe it was the result of an effort by a Chinese competitor, Baidu.com, to gain market share at Google’s expense through pulling strings in the government. The stoppage could also have been due to heightened internet security in anticipation of a November 2002 shift in political leadership (McLaughlin, 2006). Whatever the cause, Google was left offering users in China a slow and less-than-satisfactory version of Google.com. Moreover, Baidu.com, now Google’s chief rival in China, began to grow, blossoming from a 3% market share player in 2002 to a 63.7% market share player in fall 2006, they drag the young Chinese crowd by catering in large part to young users looking to download MP3 files. Concurrently, Google dropped its market share from 25% in 2002 to 19.2% in 2006 (McLaughlin, 2006).</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUDnFKY6NG10WwjR12H-1EYH4EnxPfCMVSkgKx1a-tgHvR6YrkaSkMSnsAv323s7EjHdFnoOgcTLhqKM2VRsqc4ak76ZHxxSGnKicdv8nGkJOSuNo6itAug3bxSX6UVwhbQxM_EXyPxDE/s1600/china_search_cnnic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="246" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUDnFKY6NG10WwjR12H-1EYH4EnxPfCMVSkgKx1a-tgHvR6YrkaSkMSnsAv323s7EjHdFnoOgcTLhqKM2VRsqc4ak76ZHxxSGnKicdv8nGkJOSuNo6itAug3bxSX6UVwhbQxM_EXyPxDE/s320/china_search_cnnic.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Source:<a href="http://www.globalbydesign.com/wp-content/uploads/blog/china_search_cnnic.jpg" target="_blank"> http://www.globalbydesign.com/wp-content/uploads/blog/china_search_cnnic.jpg</a></div>
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The huge market potential let Google thinking in Company’s decrease in Chinese market during 2002 and 2006. So it was important to make decisions about escalating Google’s mission in China at the price of self-censoring the search engine. So in order to cope up with this problem in early 2006, Google struck a deal with China government and launched Google.cn, a version of its search engine run by the company from within China. This is a move towards transparency that distinguishes it from competitors like Baidu.com, Yahoo!, and MSN, Google.cn provides users with a brief message indicating if any pages have been censored from their search results. The message does not inform users what specific pages have been censored; it simply lets them know that censorship has occurred. The Washington Post printed a list of the words and phrases that seem to be censored by Google.cn, reporting that these words are the result of Google’s research into what they needed to censor in order to fall under Chinese legal guidelines (Worsfold, 2006).</div>
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<b><u>Google’s Reaction</u></b></div>
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As the situation demands Google had to determine the extent they should self-censor Google.cn. For users of Google.com in China, searches for censored subject matter, ranging from political subjects like “democracy” and “Tibet” to religious subjects like “Falun Gong” and “Dalai Lama” to social subjects like “pornography”, would generate the same list of links as would be generated for a user based in the United States. However, if the user in China tried to open any censored links, either the user’s browser would shut down or the user would be re-directed to a non-censored site.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7EqxM_6XIoyfuKsONGv1jv4vQ-Z8veqCBdoPxqolFtiR_CeHhR_vZWl0Y99Y9At6gOYGfvc4e-ulofUSfERuh2wVzXHQuzbp2XlgozJ7VOV6edr89nrXGIvVDKWsayaqZHpWkrzLQNvA/s1600/060131-china.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="244" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7EqxM_6XIoyfuKsONGv1jv4vQ-Z8veqCBdoPxqolFtiR_CeHhR_vZWl0Y99Y9At6gOYGfvc4e-ulofUSfERuh2wVzXHQuzbp2XlgozJ7VOV6edr89nrXGIvVDKWsayaqZHpWkrzLQNvA/s320/060131-china.gif" width="320" /></a></div>
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Source: <a href="http://www.seroundtable.com/archives/060131-china.gif">http://www.seroundtable.com/archives/060131-china.gif</a></div>
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Also Google had to concern on another important point related to user interests is the importance of user privacy. In early 2006, just as Google was planning to launch Google.cn, it became known that Yahoo! China had turned over private user e-mail data to the Chinese government and that this had led to the ten-year, eight-year, and four-year prison sentences of Chinese cyber dissidents Shi Tao, Li Zhi, and Jiang Lijun (Birch, 2010). In addition, Microsoft had recently shut down the blog of famous Chinese political blogger Michael Anti (a penname for Zhao Jing) at the request of the Chinese government (Birch, 2010). Clearly any decision made by Google to enter China would have to take into account concerns about user privacy and government surveillance. In terms of expanding access to information, it was Google’s position that due to the poor quality of Google.com for users in China after 2002, Google was in fact not providing the population of China with good access to information. But despite of poor quality in Google.com, Google has kept Google.com in addition to Google.cn available for users.</div>
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<b><u>Ethical Background</u></b></div>
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Even though Google.cn available in Chinese market, in a shareholder meeting, Google’s Co-founder, Sergey Brin revealed that more than 99% of searches originating in China were still performed on Google.com (Don't Be Evil, 2005). This meant that 4 months after the launch of the censored site, nearly all Chinese users were either unfamiliar with Google.cn or were happier with the slower, unreliable, yet unfiltered version of Google. The fact that the uncensored version of Google remains so heavily used in China seems to indicate that Google could discontinue its operations in China and still offer its users an acceptable level of service. The consequences of this option would appear to eliminate Google's complicity in government’s censorship and allow Google to continue to build its Chinese market. However, that’s where Great Firewall of China comes into play. Although the data that Sergey Brin mentioned suggests that for some reason the firewall permits the majority of requests for the uncensored version of Google, there is no reason to expect this pattern to continue. It is quite possible that based on government directive or technological innovation, the government could decide to completely block Google's uncensored site. </div>
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<b><u>Moral Principles that affect due to Google’s action</u></b></div>
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Google’s decision to self-censor Google.cn attracted significant ethical criticism. The company’s motto is “Don’t Be Evil,” (No censoring) and prior to entering China, Google had successfully set itself apart from other technology giants, becoming a company trusted by millions of users to protect and store their personal information. Google’s decision to accept self-censorship let the company to reexamine itself as a company and forced the international community to reconsider the implications of censorship. Google has already, along with Yahoo and Microsoft, signs an industry code of ethics to safeguard human rights and the freedom of speech online (Birch, 2010). However, Google does continue to censor results on Google.cn.</div>
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If one concerns about the Google’s action in China with their utmost priority, which is not to censor anything and secure the private things of the user, it’s a big dilemma that whether Google acting according their Slogan “Don’t be evil”. In that case while human rights advocates ask why a powerful American company like Google won't fight abroad for the same freedoms that make America great, those in the business world may interpret the move as a sign of managerial weakness on Google's part. In Company’s point of view if Google were to end its operations in China it seems fairly certain that they would have to resign themselves to life without the Chinese market. Launching Google.cn, Google has decided not to give some of the main services such as Gmail and Blogger. While adhering to government’s policy by censoring search results, Google was able to bring public attention to China's media censorship and indirectly show their disapproval of it (Birch, 2010).</div>
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<b><u>Google’s action to pull out from China</u></b></div>
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In 2009 Chinese government again block Google, citing pornography as the reason. Also the government blocked Google-owned YouTube. The things got worse when in 2010 Gmail accounts were under attacked (Lin, 2011). Those Gmail accounts belonged to human rights activists that originated in the country. It describes the attack as highly sophisticated and targeted, and Google claimed that no more censor its search results. Google started to redirect all search queries from Google.cn to Google.com.hk, Google’s Hong Kong based search engine, thereby bypassing Chinese regulators and allowing uncensored simplified Chinese search results. As a special entity recognized by international treaty, Hong Kong is vested with independent judicial power and not subject to most Chinese laws, including those requiring the restriction of free flow of information and censorship of internet materials (Birch, 2010).</div>
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<u><b>Discussion </b></u></div>
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The internet giant Google lost its business in China due to lack of their understanding of Chinese government behavior. On balance we can’t argue on Google’s operation in China as it’s a human right to things correctly and perfectly. If Google were to give imperfect facts to the society, in a long run they lose the faith of their stake holders despite of they live in China or not. That factor affects Google’s global market also. Society cannot be a better place if its full of false factors. The responsibility of giving the society lays with the government, but if its harm the system within the country, Government will decide the final outcome. When it’s come to politics, different countries use different tactics to hold their power. In case of a threatening factor which is not complying with their government policies, they are well within their limits to refuse it by any means.</div>
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<b><u>Reference </u></b></div>
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<b>Books </b></div>
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Kalathil, Shanthi. "China's New Media Sector: Keeping the State In." The Pacific Review 16.4 (2003): 489-501.</div>
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Lin, Mu. "Changes and Consistency: China's Media Market After WTO Entry." Journal of Media Economics. 17.3 (2011): 177-192.</div>
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<b>Internet Articles</b></div>
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Birch, Jemma.”Google in China, A timeline” 23rd of March, 2010 file:///E:/Mkt/Google%20in%20China%20%E2%80%93%20A%20Timeline.html</div>
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Don't Be Evil. 5 May 2006. "Uncensored Google.com Serves 99% of China Queries." 19 September 2006 http://www.dontbeevil.com/2006/05/uncensored-googlecom- serves-99-of.html.</div>
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Economist.com. 13 June 2002. "Survey China." 16 September 2010</div>
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http://www.economist.com/surveys/displayStory.cfm?story_id=1164570</div>
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Google. "Company Overview." 19 September 2006</div>
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http://www.google.com/corporate/.</div>
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Human Rights Watch. "China: Human Rights Concerns for the 61st Session of the U.N. Commission." 16 September 2006 </div>
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http://hrw.org/english/docs/2005/03/10/china10296.htm.</div>
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McLaughlin, Andrew. "Google in China." Google Blog. 19 September 2006</div>
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http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2006/01/google-in-china.html.</div>
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Worsfold, P.J.”Case Study-Google in China” 18th September 2006 file:///E:/Mkt/Case%20Study%20%20Google%20in%20China.htm</div>
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Stolen Lanternhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12587712017806049739noreply@blogger.com9