Saturday, September 15, 2012

Learning Disabilities



What is Learning Disability?

Learning  disabilities  are  problems that affect the brain's ability to receive, process, analyze or store information. These problems can make it difficult for a student to learn as quickly as someoe who isn't affected by learning disabilities. There are many kinds of learning disabilities. Most students affect by them having more than one kind. Certain kinds of learning disabilities can interfere person's ability to concentrate or focus and can cause someone's mind to wander too much. Other learning disabilities can make it difficult for a student to read, write, spell or solve math problems.

What are the signs of learning disability?

Learning  Disabilities  are  not  noticeable  like  paralysis  or  blindness, (LD) is  a  hidden  handicap.A  learning  disability  doesn’t  leave  any  signs  behind  like  a  disfiguration,so  people  do  not  understand  or  offer  their  support.  The  different  types  of  learning  disabilities  can  be  divided  in  to  three  large  categories,Development speech and language disorders, academic skills  disorders  and  attention  disorders.Learning  disorders  affect  how  a  person  understands, remembers  and  responds to new  information.People with learning disorders may have problems.
  • Listening  or  paying  attention
  • Speaking
  • Reading  or  writing
  • Doing  math

           What are the speech and Language problems?


Developmental  speech  and  language  disorders  are  of  speech  and  language  problems,  most  often  the  earliest  signs  are  of  a  learning  disability.Those  with  this  handicap  have  a  tough  time  producing  speech  sounds,  using  speech  language  to  communicate  and understand what others are trying to get across (“People with developmental speech and language disorders have difficulty producing speech sounds, using spoken language to communicate, or understanding  what  other  people  say”) Depending  on  the  difficulty  a  person  might  be  having,  their  diagnosis  may  be  one  of  the  following  developmental  articulation  disorder,  developmental  expressive  language  disorder  and  developmental  receptive  language  disorder. When  children  have  developmental  articulation  disorder  they  may  have  trouble  controlling  the  pace  in  which  they  speck.  Also  they  tend  to  stay  behind  their  classmates  in  learning  to  make  speech(like “wabbit  instead  of  “rabbit”  and  “thwim”  for  “swim”) This  disorder  is  found  in  at  least  10  percent  of  children  under  the  age  of  8.  But  good  news  articulation  disorder  can  be  out  grown  or   it  can  be  departed  with  speech  therapy.

Children  who  have  developmental  expressive  language  disorder  have  difficulties  expressing  themselves  in  their  dialogue  for  example  a  child  might  call  objects  by  their  incorrect  names (for  example   calls  objects  by  the  wrong  names ) This  disorder  can  take  other  forms  like  if  a  child  only  specks  in  two  word  sentences,  also  if  they  seem  to  have  trouble  answering  simple  questions.  Some  people  have  problems  with  different  areas  of  speech,  further  more  this  disorder  is  called  developmental  receptive  language  disorder.  This  disorder  can  make  someone  seem  slow  because  they  can’t  understand  or  do  a  simple  task ( The  toddlers  who  don’t  respond  to  their names,  a  preschooler  who  hands  you  a  bell  when  you  ask  him  for  a  ball,  or  the  worker  who  consistently  can’t  fallow  simple  directions”)

Who suffer more with learning disorder?
Individuals who suffer with academic skills disorder are often students.  They  are  years  behind  in  their  development  of  understanding  reading,  writing  and  arithmetic  skills.  The  anguish  student  can  be  diagnosed  with  developmental  reading  disorder,  developmental  writing  disorder  or  developmental  arithmetic  disorder.  Starting  with  developmental  reading  disorder,  this  is  also  known  as  dyslexia.  Surprising  2  out  of  8  percent  of  elementary  school  children  are  affected  by  this  disorder.  Remember  to  read  you  must  focus  your  attention  on  the  printed  words and control eye movements across the page, recognized the sounds of letters, understand words and grammar, create ideas and images, evaluate new ideas to what you already recognize and store ideas in memory. All of that requires an interactive network of brain cells which are in charge of vision, language and memory. Scientists have found that people with dyslexia have problems differencing the sounds in verbal sounds (“However scientists found that a significant number of people with dyslexia share an inability to distinguish or separate the sounds in spoken words”) Though if the brain is incapable to shape images when reading or to relate new thoughts to those stored in memory, the reader will not recognize and even keep in mind the new concepts.

An attention disorder affects 20 percent of school children. This disorder enables them to focus their attention. This disorder makes people daydream, and when you do get their attention they often are distracted easily. Boys are more affected by this disorder. This problem can be escorted by hyperactivity, this disorder can go with them in to their adulthood; this can make them restless and in their work seem not to follow directions, finish work and not well organized.

Although learning disorders occur in very young children, they are usually not recognized until the child reaches school age. About one-third of children who have learning disabilities also have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD for short.), which makes it hard to focus.

What are the Characteristics of ADHD?

ADHD is more common in boys than girls, and it affects 3-5 percent of children in the United States. The principal characteristics of ADHD are
  • Inattention
  • Hyperactivity
  • Impulsivity
No one knows exactly what causes ADHD. It runs in families, so genetics may be a factor. A complete evaluation by a trained professional is the only way to know for sure if your child has ADHD. Treatment often includes medicines to control symptoms. Structure at home and at school is also important. Parenting classes or behavioral therapy may also help.

Evaluation and testing by a trained professional can help identify a learning disorder. The next step is special education, which involves helping your child in the areas where he or she needs the most help. Sometimes tutors or speech or language therapists also work with the children. Learning disorders do not go away, but strategies to work around them can make them less of a problem.

What are the reasons for learning disorder?

Scientists believe that learning disabilities can be caused by the intake of drugs by an expecting mother. The fetus brain my not form properly. Also an error during a woman’s pregnancy, this is that the neurons may be changed or how they interconnect. LD can also be genetic. If someone in your family has or had a learning disability (it can be your mother/father) you might have been born with it. Learning Disabilities can be life-long conditions that, in some cases affect many parts of a person’s everyday routines like school, work, and family life and sometimes with their friendships and play. Sometimes if the person is fortunate a signal learning problem has little impact on other areas of their lives. Learning disabilities cannot be diagnosed like some other illnesses which have predictable symptoms. LD can show up in so many forms, it’s difficult to diagnose and pinpoint the causes. Therefore no such pill exists nor remedy that will eliminate the problem.

What are the treatments for learning disorders?

The most common treatment for learning disabilities is special education. Specially trained educators may perform a diagnostic educational evaluation assessing the child's academic and intellectual potential and level of academic performance. Once the evaluation is complete, the basic approach is to teach learning skills by building on the child's abilities and strengths while correcting and compensating for disabilities and weaknesses. Other professionals such as speech and language therapists also may be involved. Some medications may be effective in helping the child learn by enhancing attention and concentration. Psychological therapies may also be used.


References

· Diana Hacker (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2006).: Sample APA Formatted Paper:website:http://dacc.nmsu.edu/library/Research/Hacker-Sample%20APA%20Formatted%20Paper.pdf
·         Rayner, K., Foorman, B. R., Perfetti, C. A., Pesetsky, D., & Seidenberg M. S. (2001). How psychological science informs the teaching of reading. Psychological Science.
·         Research Paper Format Example: web site:
http://www.professays.com/research-papers/popular-research-paper-topics-2/
    ·         Fletcher, J.M., Fuchs, L.S., Barnes, M.A. (2007).  Learning Disabilities:  From Identification to Intervention. New York, NY: Guilford Press

2 comments:

  1. Thanks for the FANTASTIC post! This information is really good and thanks a ton for sharing it. I am looking forward desperately for the next post of yours.
    writing service

    ReplyDelete